Fukase Yuko, Ichikura Kanako, Inaoka Hidenori, Tagaya Hirokuni
School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0303, Kanagawa, Japan.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 May 8;13(10):1095. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13101095.
: The present study aimed to reveal the differences in changes in and risk factors for depressive symptoms between people with and without various psychiatric disorders during the pandemic. : Longitudinal web-based surveys were conducted from 2020 to 2022. The diagnosis of mental disorders was based on self-reports by participants. Depressive symptoms were measured via the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and coping was measured via the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory. A linear mixed model of PHQ-9, two-sample -tests on Brief-COPE, and multiple linear regression for with and without mental disorders were conducted. : A total of 1443 participants were analyzed, of whom 9.3% had mental disorders. Depressive symptoms significantly decreased from January 2021 to January 2022, regardless of mental disorder status. Participants with mental disorders used certain coping styles more frequently than those without mental disorders. In a multiple linear regression analysis, no coping strategy was significantly effective for PHQ-9 scores among participants with mental disorders. However, being single was a risk factor, and emotional support use was associated with PHQ-9 scores. Additionally, behavioral disengagement was linked to PHQ-9 scores, regardless of mental disorder status. : These results showed depressive symptoms might decrease in the long term regardless of the presence of mental disorders. Although there was no evidence of coping strategies effectively reducing depressive symptoms in people with mental disorders, the presence of a spousal relationship may play an important protective role for people with mental disorders and behavioral guidelines regardless of the presence of mental disorders.
本研究旨在揭示在疫情期间，患有和未患有各种精神障碍的人群在抑郁症状变化及风险因素方面的差异。2020年至2022年进行了基于网络的纵向调查。精神障碍的诊断基于参与者的自我报告。抑郁症状通过患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）进行测量，应对方式通过经历问题的简短应对取向量表进行测量。对PHQ-9进行线性混合模型分析，对简短应对取向量表进行双样本t检验，并对患有和未患有精神障碍的人群进行多元线性回归分析。共分析了1443名参与者，其中9.3%患有精神障碍。无论精神障碍状态如何，抑郁症状从2021年1月到2022年1月均显著下降。患有精神障碍的参与者比未患有精神障碍的参与者更频繁地使用某些应对方式。在多元线性回归分析中，对于患有精神障碍的参与者，没有应对策略对PHQ-9得分有显著效果。然而，单身是一个风险因素，使用情感支持与PHQ-9得分相关。此外，无论精神障碍状态如何，行为脱离都与PHQ-9得分有关。这些结果表明，无论是否存在精神障碍，抑郁症状可能会长期下降。虽然没有证据表明应对策略能有效减轻患有精神障碍者的抑郁症状，但配偶关系的存在可能对患有精神障碍者起到重要的保护作用，且无论是否存在精神障碍，行为指导方针都有作用。
