Zhao Yongze, Zheng Siqian, Wang Bohan, Xiao Wenhui, He Ping, Bian Ying
Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
Nutrients. 2025 May 10;17(10):1637. doi: 10.3390/nu17101637.
: The Pearl River Delta (PRD) region in Guangdong, China, is urbanized and economically significant. Rapid development has shaped diverse dietary habits. In this densely populated area, there is an urgent need to assess vitamin status and its impact on age-related diseases. : A total of 2646 participants (age: 50.92 ± 9.30 years; male: 64.06%) were recruited from the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. Participants were included from 1 December 2020 to 30 November 2021. Three restricted cubic spline logistic models, interaction terms, and mediated effects analyses were used to assess the association between vitamin A, B, E, B, B, B, B, B, and B between five age-related diseases: cerebrovascular disease (CVD), coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension (HTN), dyslipidemia (DYS), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). : Blood concentrations of nine vitamins showed a right-skewed distribution. Significant correlations were found between vitamin levels and age-related diseases across nine groups ( < 0.05). A J-shaped relationship was observed between vitamin levels and the risk of age-related diseases, except for the Vitamin A-HTN/T2DM, which showed Maximum Effective Concentration (MEC). Specific thresholds included: Vitamin A: 1080 ng/mL (DYS); Vitamin B: 77 ng/mL (CVD), 75.5 ng/mL (HTN); Vitamin B: 900 ng/mL (CVD), 600 ng/mL (HTN), 690 ng/mL (DYS); Vitamin B: 82 ng/mL (CVD). The protective effect of vitamins against age-related diseases decreased with age, and higher levels of vitamins A and B correlated with increased hypertension risk in older adults (P < 0.01). Low Body Resilience Index (BRI) and physical activity mediated the protective effects of vitamins A and B on HTN and DYS, while no mediating effects were found for smoking and alcohol consumption. : The effectiveness of multivitamin supplementation in preventing cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and metabolic diseases may be limited in healthy aging populations. Health professionals should consider patients' physiological conditions and blood vitamin levels to avoid overdose. More interventional studies are needed to establish causal relationships.
中国广东的珠江三角洲（PRD）地区城市化程度高且具有重要经济意义。快速发展塑造了多样的饮食习惯。在这个人口密集的地区，迫切需要评估维生素状况及其对与年龄相关疾病的影响。
共招募了2646名参与者（年龄：50.92±9.30岁；男性：64.06%），来自珠江三角洲（PRD）地区。参与者纳入时间为2020年12月1日至2021年11月30日。使用三个受限立方样条逻辑模型、交互项和中介效应分析来评估维生素A、B、E、B、B、B、B、B和B与五种与年龄相关疾病之间的关联：脑血管疾病（CVD）、冠心病（CHD）、高血压（HTN）、血脂异常（DYS）和2型糖尿病（T2DM）。
九种维生素的血液浓度呈右偏态分布。在九组中发现维生素水平与与年龄相关疾病之间存在显著相关性（P<0.05）。除维生素A - HTN/T2DM显示出最大有效浓度（MEC）外，观察到维生素水平与与年龄相关疾病风险之间呈J形关系。具体阈值包括：维生素A：1080 ng/mL（DYS）；维生素B：77 ng/mL（CVD），75.5 ng/mL（HTN）；维生素B：900 ng/mL（CVD），600 ng/mL（HTN），690 ng/mL（DYS）；维生素B：82 ng/mL（CVD）。维生素对与年龄相关疾病的保护作用随年龄增长而降低，较高水平的维生素A和B与老年人高血压风险增加相关（P<0.01）。低身体恢复力指数（BRI）和身体活动介导了维生素A和B对HTN和DYS的保护作用，而吸烟和饮酒未发现中介作用。
在健康老龄化人群中，补充多种维生素预防心血管、脑血管和代谢疾病的有效性可能有限。卫生专业人员应考虑患者的生理状况和血液维生素水平以避免过量。需要更多的干预性研究来建立因果关系。
