Meghana Kota Sai, Yaliwal Rajasri G, Kadakol Gurushantappa S, Bidri Shailaja R, Kori Shreedevi
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shri BM Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Bijapur Lingayat District Educational Association (BLDE) (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, IND.
Department of Genetics, Shri BM Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Bijapur Lingayat District Educational Association (BLDE) (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, IND.
Cureus. 2025 May 4;17(5):e83453. doi: 10.7759/cureus.83453. eCollection 2025 May.
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a complex, multisystem disorder occurring during pregnancy and remains a significant cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Despite its clinical importance, the underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to the development of PE are not fully understood. Specific microRNAs, such as miRNA-210, may play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of PE.
This study investigates the potential utility of miRNA-210 as a biomarker for the early detection and risk prediction of PE.
This case-control study was conducted from April 2023 to February 2025 and involved PE and normotensive pregnant women admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Shri BM Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Bijapur Lingayat District Educational Association (BLDE) (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura. Women who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled after providing written informed consent. A total of 102 pregnant women participated, divided into two groups: Group 1 included 51 women diagnosed with PE, and Group 2 comprised 51 normotensive pregnant women matched for age (±5 years), gestational age (±1 week), and obstetric score, serving as the control group. All participants underwent detailed history-taking, clinical examinations, and laboratory investigations, including coagulation profile, liver function test, renal function test, complete blood count, proteinuria evaluation, and miRNA-210 gene expression analysis via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. A peripheral venous blood sample was collected at admission and submitted for genetic analysis. After genetic analysis, study parameters were compared, and maternal and neonatal outcomes were observed.
Individuals with PE exhibited a statistically significant elevation in serum miRNA-210 levels (p<0.001) compared to the control group. miRNA-210 demonstrated a highly significant positive correlation with systolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, serum protein, serum uric acid, serum albumin, and serum alkaline phosphatase. However, no significant correlation was observed with hemoglobin percentage, platelet count, international normalized ratio, or serum creatinine. The area under the curve was 0.994, with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 0.985 to 1.0. At a cut-off value of 9.63-fold change, serum miRNA-210 levels showed a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 96.1%, with positive and negative predictive values of 96.2% and 100%, respectively.
Elevated serum miRNA-210 levels were observed in women with PE compared to normotensive pregnant women. Thus, serum miRNA-210 may serve as a non-invasive diagnostic and predictive biomarker in PE and contribute to a better understanding of its etiology.
子痫前期（PE）是一种在孕期发生的复杂多系统疾病，仍是孕产妇和围产儿发病及死亡的重要原因。尽管其具有临床重要性，但导致子痫前期发生的潜在分子机制尚未完全明确。特定的微小RNA，如miRNA - 210，可能在子痫前期的病理生理学中起关键作用。
本研究探讨miRNA - 210作为子痫前期早期检测和风险预测生物标志物的潜在效用。
本病例对照研究于2023年4月至2025年2月进行，纳入了在比贾布尔林伽亚特区教育协会（BLDE）（被视为大学）维杰亚普拉的什里BM帕蒂尔医学院医院和研究中心妇产科住院的子痫前期患者和血压正常的孕妇。符合纳入标准的女性在提供书面知情同意后入组。共有102名孕妇参与，分为两组：第1组包括51名被诊断为子痫前期的女性，第2组由51名年龄（±5岁）、孕周（±1周）和产科评分相匹配的血压正常的孕妇组成，作为对照组。所有参与者均接受详细的病史采集、临床检查和实验室检查，包括凝血指标、肝功能检查、肾功能检查、全血细胞计数、蛋白尿评估以及通过逆转录 - 聚合酶链反应进行的miRNA - 210基因表达分析。入院时采集外周静脉血样本并进行基因分析。基因分析后，比较研究参数，并观察孕产妇和新生儿结局。
与对照组相比，子痫前期患者血清miRNA - 210水平有统计学显著升高（p<0.001）。miRNA - 210与收缩压、平均动脉压舒张压、血清蛋白、血清尿酸、血清白蛋白和血清碱性磷酸酶呈高度显著正相关。然而，与血红蛋白百分比、血小板计数、国际标准化比值或血清肌酐未观察到显著相关性。曲线下面积为0.994，95%置信区间为0.985至1.0。在9.63倍变化的截断值时，血清miRNA - 210水平的敏感性为100%，特异性为96.1%阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为96.2%和100%。
与血压正常的孕妇相比，子痫前期女性血清miRNA - 210水平升高。因此，血清miRNA - 210可能作为子痫前期的一种非侵入性诊断和预测生物标志物，有助于更好地理解其病因。
