Ashour Amal Adnan, Tayeb Faris J, Felemban Mohammed Fareed, Shafie Alaa
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Mikrochim Acta. 2025 Jun 4;192(7):404. doi: 10.1007/s00604-025-07276-w.
Cancer is a significant global health concern, with its prevalence continuing to rise steadily. Early detection is vital for improving treatment outcomes and survival rates by enabling timely intervention and effective disease management. Biosensors have emerged as crucial tools in cancer diagnosis, offering high sensitivity, selectivity, and rapid detection of biomarkers. Among them, nanomaterial-based biosensors have gained significant attention due to their unique properties, including enhanced biocompatibility, stability, and large surface area for biomolecule interaction. These sensors utilize materials like metal nanoparticles, quantum dots, and other nanomaterials, which amplify signals and improve detection limits, making them highly effective for identifying cancer at its earliest stages. Their adaptability and potential for multiplexed detection further highlight their value in advancing cancer diagnostics and treatment strategies. This review explores recent advancements in nanomaterial-based biosensors for detecting cancer-related biomarkers, highlighting their critical role in early diagnosis. Key biomarkers covered include CA15-3, GPC3, Cyfra 21-1, CA-125, CRT, PDGF, PSA, miRNA-122, Anti-P53, YES1, CEA, PSMA, miR-141, c-Met protein, miR-106b, HER-2, Pax-5a, mSEPT9, and miR-21. By focusing on studies conducted between 2022 and 2025, the review addresses emerging applications and future prospects of these biosensors.
癌症是一个重大的全球健康问题，其患病率持续稳步上升。早期检测对于通过及时干预和有效的疾病管理来改善治疗效果和生存率至关重要。生物传感器已成为癌症诊断中的关键工具，具有高灵敏度、高选择性以及能够快速检测生物标志物。其中，基于纳米材料的生物传感器因其独特的性质而备受关注，这些性质包括增强的生物相容性、稳定性以及用于生物分子相互作用的大表面积。这些传感器利用金属纳米颗粒、量子点和其他纳米材料等，放大信号并提高检测限，使其在癌症早期识别方面非常有效。它们的适应性和多重检测潜力进一步凸显了其在推进癌症诊断和治疗策略方面的价值。本综述探讨了基于纳米材料的生物传感器在检测癌症相关生物标志物方面的最新进展，强调了它们在早期诊断中的关键作用。涵盖的关键生物标志物包括CA15 - 3、GPC3、Cyfra 21 - 1、CA - 125、CRT、PDGF、PSA、miRNA - 122、Anti - P53、YES1、CEA、PSMA、miR - 141、c - Met蛋白、miR - 106b、HER - 2、Pax - 5a、mSEPT9和miR - 21。通过聚焦2022年至2025年期间进行的研究，本综述阐述了这些生物传感器的新兴应用和未来前景。
