Anupama Alamanda Venkata, Mehta Anish, Javali Mahendra, Eswarappa Mahesh, Rangaiah Pradeep, Acharya Purushottam
Department of Neurology, Ramaiah Medical College and Hospitals, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2025 May 1;28(3):387-391. doi: 10.4103/aian.aian_1038_24. Epub 2025 Jun 5.
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is common but often underdiagnosed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis, significantly impacting their quality of life. This study investigates the prevalence, risk factors, and psychosocial effects of RLS in this population.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 308 hemodialysis patients at a tertiary care hospital. RLS was diagnosed based on the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group criteria. The severity of RLS, sleep quality, and mental health were assessed using the International Restless Legs Syndrome (IRLS) Severity Score, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Clinical and biochemical parameters were also analyzed. Statistical significance was determined using Chi-squared and unpaired t -tests ( P < 0.05).
RLS was identified in 46 patients (14.9%). Among them, 56.6% had mild symptoms, 41.3% had moderate symptoms, and 2.1% had severe symptoms. Patients with RLS were younger (50.15 ± 12.19 vs. 57.41 ± 13.43 years, P = 0.001) and had lower body weight (57.89 ± 9.64 vs. 62.78 ± 10.58 kg, P = 0.03). Anxiety and depression were significantly higher in the RLS group ( P = 0.001). Poor sleep quality was reported in 97.8% of RLS patients ( P = 0.001). Hemoglobin ( P = 0.02) and thyroid-stimulating hormone ( P = 0.03) levels also differed significantly between groups.
RLS is highly prevalent in ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis and is associated with significant psychosocial burden and poor sleep quality.
不安腿综合征（RLS）在接受血液透析的终末期肾病（ESRD）患者中很常见，但往往诊断不足，严重影响他们的生活质量。本研究调查了该人群中RLS的患病率、危险因素及心理社会影响。
在一家三级护理医院对308例血液透析患者进行了横断面研究。根据国际不安腿综合征研究组标准诊断RLS。使用国际不安腿综合征（IRLS）严重程度评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数和医院焦虑抑郁量表评估RLS的严重程度、睡眠质量和心理健康状况。还分析了临床和生化参数。采用卡方检验和非配对t检验确定统计学意义（P<0.05）。
46例患者（14.9%）被诊断为RLS。其中，56.6%有轻度症状，41.3%有中度症状，2.1%有重度症状。RLS患者更年轻（50.15±12.19岁对57.41±13.43岁，P=0.001）且体重更低（57.89±9.64 kg对62.78±10.58 kg，P=0.03）。RLS组的焦虑和抑郁水平显著更高（P=0.001）。97.8%的RLS患者报告睡眠质量差（P=0.001）。两组间血红蛋白（P=0.02）和促甲状腺激素（P=0.03）水平也有显著差异。
RLS在接受血液透析的ESRD患者中非常普遍，且与显著的心理社会负担和睡眠质量差有关。
