Dainelli Marco, Cicchi Costanza, Baccelli Ivan, Boutet Stéphanie, Colzi Ilaria, Coppi Andrea, Luti Simone, Pignattelli Sara, Pollastri Susanna, Loreto Francesco, Pazzagli Luigia, Corso Massimiliano, Gonnelli Cristina
Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Physiol Plant. 2025 May-Jun;177(3):e70312. doi: 10.1111/ppl.70312.
To unravel the complex interactions between microplastics (MPs), plants, and pathogens, Arabidopsis thaliana plants were grown for 3 weeks in soils containing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) MPs (0.2% and 0.5% w/w), and leaves were then exposed to the PAMP (Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern) protein cerato-platanin (CP) or Botrytis cinerea conidia. PET caused a stimulation of stomatal conductance, and PVC decreased the aboveground biomass of A. thaliana plants. PVC (0.2%) triggered a primed state in A. thaliana, enhancing its response to B. cinerea infection and cerato-platanin. This was demonstrated by decreased lesion size, enhanced ROS generation, and elevated camalexin synthesis following PAMP elicitation, and increased levels of defensive isothiocyanate and phenylpropanoid metabolites. Our results indicate that MPs also affect soil structure, ionome balance, and specialised metabolite accumulation. However, MPs did not provide an unambiguous response, underscoring challenges in formulating a model of plant response to MPs when exposed to pathogens.
为了揭示微塑料（MPs）、植物和病原体之间的复杂相互作用，将拟南芥植株在含有聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）或聚氯乙烯（PVC）微塑料（0.2%和0.5%，w/w）的土壤中培养3周，然后将叶片暴露于病原体相关分子模式（PAMP）蛋白cerato - platanin（CP）或灰葡萄孢分生孢子中。PET导致气孔导度增加，而PVC降低了拟南芥植株的地上生物量。PVC（0.2%）使拟南芥进入一种预激发状态，增强了其对灰葡萄孢感染和cerato - platanin的反应。这通过PAMP诱导后病斑大小减小、活性氧生成增强、植保素合成增加以及防御性异硫氰酸酯和苯丙烷类代谢物水平升高得以证明。我们的结果表明，微塑料还会影响土壤结构、离子组平衡和特殊代谢物积累。然而，微塑料并未给出明确一致的反应，这凸显了在构建植物在接触病原体时对微塑料的反应模型方面存在的挑战。
