Sambasivam Rajeswari, Koh Yen Sin, Abdin Edimansyah, Asharani P V, Zhang Yunjue, Teh Wen Lin, Chong Siow Ann, Subramaniam Mythily
Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View Blk 7, 539747, Singapore, Singapore.
Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 117549, Singapore, Singapore.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2025 Jun 10. doi: 10.1007/s00127-025-02935-y.
This study aimed to identify groups of risk perception of illicit drug consumption and associated sociodemographic and mental health factors in Singapore.
A representative sample of 6,509 Singapore citizens and permanent residents aged 15 to 65 years was randomly selected for participation over 14 months. Information on perceived risk related to illicit drug consumption, and correlates were collected via questionnaires. Data were analysed using latent class analysis to identify risk perception profiles. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the sociodemographic and mental health correlates across different risk perception profiles.
Four profiles emerged; high risk perception across all substances and frequencies, low risk perception across all substances and frequencies, low risk perception of cannabis, and low risk perception of occasional illicit drug consumption. About 9.4% (n = 557) reported low risk perception of cannabis. Males (vs. females, RR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.57-2.94) were more likely to have a low risk perception of cannabis. Those aged 35-65 years (35-49 vs. 15-34, RR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.25-0.54; 50-65 vs. 15-34, RR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.10-0.37), with secondary school (vs. degree and above, RR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.13-0.39) or pre-tertiary (vs. degree and above, RR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.29-0.61) education were less likely to have a low risk perception of cannabis. Ever-smokers (vs. non-smokers, RR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.31-2.64), and those grouped as "safe drinking" (vs. abstainers, RR: 3.80, 95% CI: 2.50-5.77) or "hazardous drinking" (vs. abstainers, RR: 7.00, 95% CI: 3.69-13.28) were more likely to perceive low risk of cannabis. Individuals with a low risk perception across all substances and profiles were more likely to report symptoms of anxiety (OR: 7.17, 95% CI: 1.31-38.98) when compared to high risk perception across all substances and frequencies individuals.
These findings provide critical insights for tailoring prevention and education initiatives to address substance use behaviours in Singapore.
本研究旨在确定新加坡非法药物消费风险认知群体以及相关的社会人口学和心理健康因素。
在14个月内随机抽取了6509名年龄在15至65岁的新加坡公民和永久居民作为代表性样本参与研究。通过问卷调查收集与非法药物消费相关的风险认知及相关因素信息。使用潜在类别分析来确定风险认知概况。进行逻辑回归分析以确定不同风险认知概况下的社会人口学和心理健康相关因素。
出现了四种概况；对所有物质和频率的高风险认知、对所有物质和频率的低风险认知、对大麻的低风险认知以及对偶尔非法药物消费的低风险认知。约9.4%（n = 557）报告对大麻的低风险认知。男性（与女性相比，相对风险：2.15，95%置信区间：1.57 - 2.94）更有可能对大麻有低风险认知。35 - 65岁的人群（35 - 49岁与15 - 34岁相比，相对风险：0.37，95%置信区间：0.25 - 0.54；50 - 65岁与15 - 34岁相比，相对风险：0.19，95%置信区间：0.10 - 0.37），接受中学（与本科及以上相比，相对风险：0.23，95%置信区间：0.13 - 0.39）或大专前教育（与本科及以上相比，相对风险：0.42，95%置信区间：0.29 - 0.61）的人对大麻有低风险认知的可能性较小。曾经吸烟者（与非吸烟者相比，相对风险：1.86，95%置信区间：1.31 - 2.64），以及被归类为“安全饮酒”（与戒酒者相比，相对风险：3.80，95%置信区间：2.50 - 5.77）或“有害饮酒”（与戒酒者相比，相对风险：7.00，95%置信区间：3.69 - 13.28）的人更有可能认为大麻风险低。与对所有物质和频率都有高风险认知的个体相比，对所有物质和概况都有低风险认知的个体更有可能报告焦虑症状（比值比：7.17，95%置信区间：1.31 - 38.98）。
这些发现为调整预防和教育举措以应对新加坡的物质使用行为提供了关键见解。
