Mehrotra Shivam Singh, Shakya Mukesh, Singh Mamta, Bagherwal R K, Sharma Anil Kumar, Mehta Hemant Kumar
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry (NDVSU), Mhow, Madhya Pradesh 453446, India.
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry (NDVSU), Mhow, Madhya Pradesh 453446, India.
Vet Parasitol. 2025 Aug;338:110523. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110523. Epub 2025 Jun 4.
Based on earlier reports on acaricidal and repellent properties of Lavandula angustifolia and Salvia officinalis plants against various ectoparasites, including tick species, the present study was carried out using these essential oils (EOs) to explore the possibility of developing a potent herbal anti-tick formulation to manage cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus. The EOs were evaluated against different life stages of ticks to provide a complete solution for tick control. The oils were also subjected to GC-MS analysis for their phytochemical constituents, which revealed a total of 125 compounds in lavender oil, predominantly consisting of alpha-pinene (10.24 %), D-limonene (7.50 %), 1,3,6-octatriene, 3,7-dimethyl-(Z) (6.48 %) and linalool (6.43 %), while sage oil contained 92 compounds, with linalool and linalyl acetate with an area percentage of 11.03 % and 9.83 % being the most abundant. All the treated engorged ticks were killed at 5 and 10 % EOs of L. angustifolia and S. officinalis with a significant reduction in oviposition in different concentrations. Both EOs were also effective against 83-100 % larvae at a 5 % dose in larval immersion test. Additionally, the study also examined the hatching inhibition of R. microplus eggs treated with both essential oils and achieved 100 % hatching inhibition at 5 % concentration. The repellency index (RI) indicated effective repellent activity with L. angustifolia having 0.0 ± 0.0 and S. officinalis 0.6 ± 0.15 at RI 10 %. Hematological and biochemical parameters showed no significant changes and no skin irritation in topically treated animals, suggesting the oils' safety for livestock use. The in vivo efficacy of both EOs was over 80 % after 72 h under patch treatment of naturally infested cattle. This research highlights the potential of lavender and sage essential oils as viable alternatives to develop an eco-friendly solution for tick management.
基于早期关于薰衣草和鼠尾草植物对包括蜱虫种类在内的各种体外寄生虫的杀螨和驱避特性的报道，本研究使用这些精油（EOs）来探索开发一种有效的草药抗蜱配方以控制牛蜱微小扇头蜱的可能性。对这些精油针对蜱虫的不同生命阶段进行了评估，以提供蜱虫控制的完整解决方案。还对这些精油进行了气相色谱 - 质谱分析以确定其植物化学成分，结果显示薰衣草油中共含有125种化合物，主要成分是α - 蒎烯（10.24％）、D - 柠檬烯（7.50％）、1,3,6 - 辛三烯、3,7 - 二甲基 -（Z）（6.48％）和芳樟醇（6.43％），而鼠尾草油含有92种化合物，其中芳樟醇和乙酸芳樟酯的面积百分比分别为11.03％和9.83％，最为丰富。所有经处理的饱血蜱在薰衣草和鼠尾草精油浓度为5％和10％时均被杀死，不同浓度下产卵量显著减少。在幼虫浸泡试验中，两种精油在5％剂量下对83 - 100％的幼虫也有效。此外，该研究还检测了用两种精油处理微小扇头蜱卵的孵化抑制情况，在5％浓度下实现了100％的孵化抑制。驱避指数（RI）表明具有有效的驱避活性，在RI为10％时，薰衣草的驱避指数为0.0±0.0，鼠尾草为0.6±0.15。血液学和生化参数显示局部处理动物无显著变化且无皮肤刺激，表明这些精油对家畜使用安全。在对自然感染牛进行贴片处理72小时后，两种精油的体内功效均超过80％。本研究突出了薰衣草和鼠尾草精油作为开发蜱虫管理生态友好解决方案可行替代品的潜力。
