Fadahunsi Adeyinka I, Atansuyi Adewale J, Adebayo Abayomi I, Chineke Clifford A
Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin, Nigeria.
Department of Animal Production and Health, The Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria.
Bioinform Biol Insights. 2025 Jun 16;19:11779322251348307. doi: 10.1177/11779322251348307. eCollection 2025.
Avian coccidiosis, caused by Eimeria protozoa, presents a significant threat to poultry, with being particularly harmful due to its impact on the chicken cecum. Growing resistance to current treatments necessitates alternative therapeutic approaches. Consequently, this study employed an immunoinformatics approach to design a multiepitope vaccine targeting . Key proteins, including the sporulated oocyst TA4 antigen, alkylglycerone-phosphate synthase, and apical membrane antigen-1, were analysed for epitope prediction. Further comprehensive downstream analysis identified 13 MHC class I, 6 MHC class II, and 7 B-cell epitopes, which were linked with suitable linkers. Also, cholera toxin subunit B was incorporated as an adjuvant, creating a 531-amino-acid construct. The vaccine demonstrated favourable predicted antigenicity, non-allergenicity, and stability properties. Molecular docking predicted interaction with toll-like receptor 15, while immune response simulation showed potential induction of various immunocytes, including helper and cytotoxic T-cells, natural killer cells, and immunoglobulins. The vaccine was predicted to promote antigen clearance after the second dose, suggesting strong memory response potential. These findings indicate the designed vaccine could stimulate a potent protective immune response against infection. However, further in vitro and in vivo validation studies are necessary to confirm the vaccine's efficacy before clinical application in poultry immunization programmes.
由艾美耳原虫引起的禽球虫病对家禽构成重大威胁，因其对鸡盲肠的影响而尤其有害。对当前治疗方法的耐药性不断增加，需要采用替代治疗方法。因此，本研究采用免疫信息学方法设计了一种针对[具体病原体未明确]的多表位疫苗。对包括孢子化卵囊TA4抗原、烷基甘油磷酸合酶和顶膜抗原-1在内的关键蛋白进行了表位预测分析。进一步全面的下游分析确定了13个MHC I类、6个MHC II类和7个B细胞表位，并将它们与合适的连接子相连。此外，还引入霍乱毒素亚基B作为佐剂，构建了一个531个氨基酸的构建体。该疫苗表现出良好的预测抗原性、非致敏性和稳定性。分子对接预测其与Toll样受体15相互作用，而免疫反应模拟显示可能诱导包括辅助性和细胞毒性T细胞、自然杀伤细胞和免疫球蛋白在内的各种免疫细胞。预计该疫苗在第二次接种后能促进抗原清除，表明其具有强大的记忆反应潜力。这些发现表明所设计的疫苗可刺激针对[具体病原体未明确]感染的有效保护性免疫反应。然而，在将其应用于家禽免疫计划的临床之前，还需要进一步的体外和体内验证研究来确认疫苗的疗效。
