Molina Vicente, Díez Álvaro, Fernández-Linsenbarth Inés, Osorio-Iriarte Emma, Beño-Ruiz de la Sierra Rosa, Martín-Santiago Oscar, Rodríguez-Valbuena Claudia, Fiorini-Talavera Juan Carlos, Arjona Antonio
Psychiatry Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain.
Psychiatry Department, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 7, 47005, Valladolid, Spain.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2025 Jun 23. doi: 10.1007/s00406-025-02004-0.
Cannabis use is highly prevalent in individuals with psychosis, raising concerns about its influence on brain function. Electroencephalography (EEG) studies have identified alterations in brain activity in psychosis, including changes in spectral entropy (SE) modulation and connectivity strength (CS). However, the degree to which cannabis use contributes to these alterations remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of recent cannabis use on specific EEG measures previously found to be altered in psychosis: (i) SE modulation, (ii) pre-stimulus theta and broadband CS, and (iii) baseline CS in the gamma band. We focused specifically on the immediate effects of recent cannabis use, without considering factors like tetrahydrocannabinol content, frequency of use, or age of onset. We included 93 patients with psychosis (32 recent cannabis users, 61 non-users) and 86 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC; all non-users). Recent cannabis use was defined as any consumption within the past week, assessed through a clinical interview and confirmed by urinalysis. Patients had diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. EEG data were recorded during a P300 task, and SE modulation and baseline CS were calculated. Both patient groups (cannabis users and non-users) exhibited significantly impaired SE modulation and elevated gamma and broadband CS, compared to HC. Crucially, no significant differences were found between the two patient groups in any of the EEG measures. Recent cannabis use does not appear to be the primary driver of the observed electrophysiological alterations in psychosis. Impaired SE modulation and increased CS are likely core features of psychosis itself, independent of recent cannabis exposure. This suggests that these EEG abnormalities may represent underlying vulnerability markers for psychosis. However, further research is needed to explore the potential long-term and early-onset effects of cannabis use on brain function in individuals with psychosis.
大麻使用在精神病患者中极为普遍，这引发了人们对其对大脑功能影响的担忧。脑电图（EEG）研究已确定精神病患者大脑活动存在改变，包括频谱熵（SE）调制和连接强度（CS）的变化。然而，大麻使用对这些改变的影响程度仍不清楚。本研究调查了近期大麻使用对先前发现在精神病中发生改变的特定EEG指标的影响：（i）SE调制，（ii）刺激前θ波和宽带CS，以及（iii）γ波段的基线CS。我们特别关注近期大麻使用的即时影响，未考虑诸如四氢大麻酚含量、使用频率或发病年龄等因素。我们纳入了93名精神病患者（32名近期大麻使用者，61名非使用者）和86名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者（HC；均为非使用者）。近期大麻使用定义为过去一周内的任何使用情况，通过临床访谈进行评估并经尿液分析确认。患者被诊断为精神分裂症或双相情感障碍。在P300任务期间记录EEG数据，并计算SE调制和基线CS。与HC相比，两个患者组（大麻使用者和非使用者）均表现出明显受损的SE调制以及升高的γ波和宽带CS。至关重要的是，在任何EEG指标上，两个患者组之间均未发现显著差异。近期大麻使用似乎并非所观察到的精神病患者电生理改变的主要驱动因素。SE调制受损和CS增加可能是精神病本身的核心特征，与近期大麻暴露无关。这表明这些EEG异常可能代表精神病的潜在易感性标志物。然而，需要进一步研究以探索大麻使用对精神病患者大脑功能的潜在长期和早期发病影响。
