Rus Anca, Bucur Iulia-Maria, Imre Kalman, Tirziu Andreea Talida, Ivan Andrei Alexandru, Gros Radu Valentin, Moza Alex Cristian, Popa Sebastian Alexandru, Ban-Cucerzan Alexandra, Tirziu Emil
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania.
Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Piata Eftimie Murgu 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2025 Jun 5;14(6):578. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics14060578.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The widespread use of antibiotics in animal husbandry has led to an increase in antimicrobial-resistant , particularly strains producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and C β-lactamases. This study aimed to isolate and characterize such strains from fecal samples of broiler chickens (n = 71) and slaughtered turkeys (n = 31) in northwestern Romania.
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and PCR were used to evaluate phenotypic resistance patterns and detect the presence of resistance genes (C, Z, and TEM).
The results showed that 55% of turkey and 61% of broiler isolates were presumptive ESBL/C producers. Among all isolates, 50% were classified as extensively drug-resistant (XDR), 44% as multidrug-resistant (MDR), and only 6% were fully susceptible. Gene detection revealed an overall prevalence of 44.2% for C, 72.7% for Z, and 58.1% for TEM, yielding a total penetrance of 51.09%. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) values, ranging from 0.67 to 81, suggest the efficacy of the antibiotic susceptibility testing method used in detecting the presence of these resistance genes.
Overall, these findings highlight a significant burden of antimicrobial-resistant, poultry-associated strains, warranting stricter antimicrobial stewardship.
背景/目的：畜牧业中抗生素的广泛使用导致了抗菌药物耐药性的增加，尤其是产生超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）和C类β-内酰胺酶的菌株。本研究旨在从罗马尼亚西北部的肉鸡（n = 71）和屠宰火鸡（n = 31）的粪便样本中分离并鉴定此类菌株。
采用抗菌药物敏感性试验和聚合酶链反应（PCR）来评估表型耐药模式并检测耐药基因（C类、Z类和TEM）的存在。
结果显示，55%的火鸡分离株和61%的肉鸡分离株被推测为ESBL/C类生产者。在所有分离株中，50%被归类为广泛耐药（XDR），44%为多重耐药（MDR），只有6%完全敏感。基因检测显示，C类基因的总体流行率为44.2%，Z类为72.7%，TEM为58.1%，总渗透率为51.09%。诊断比值比（DOR）值在0.67至81之间，表明所使用的抗生素敏感性试验方法在检测这些耐药基因存在方面的有效性。
总体而言，这些发现突出了与家禽相关的抗菌药物耐药菌株的重大负担，需要更严格的抗菌药物管理。
