Ilombe Gillon, Likwela Joris Losimba, Lukanu Philippe, Lulebo Aimée, Muela Nicole, Mariën Joachim, Mbanzulu Kennedy Makola, Mabanzila Baby, Matangila Junior Rika, Agossa Fiacre, Mukomena Eric, Linsuke Sylvie, Kalonji Albert, Lutumba Pascal, Geertruyden Jean-Pierre Van, Irish Seth R
National Malaria Control Program (PNLP), Ministry of Health, 3040 Kinshasa I, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, University of Kinshasa, 212 Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 18;10(6):172. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed10060172.
Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is among the countries that have a high malaria incidence. In an effort to combat this public health challenge, innovative tools and strategies are being developed and evaluated. Among the new generation of nets with improved effectiveness of insecticides, those treated with a combination of piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and pyrethroids appear to be a promising malaria control tool. This study evaluated the effectiveness of this combination under community conditions of use in the DRC. A quasi-experimental study was carried out from January to December 2018, in Kisantu Health Zone. Thirty villages were randomly allocated as clusters (1:1) to receive one of two types of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) treated with deltamethrin alone, or PBO with deltamethrin. After the intervention, the assessments were conducted monthly, quarterly, and every six months for malaria infection, mosquito density, and LLIN durability, respectively. Comparison of changes in different indices between the two groups was made using generalized linear models to correct for non-linear effects. A total of 1790 children were included. There was a significant non-linear effect of time (months) on the malaria infection incidence. The malaria infection incidence was higher in January-March, May-June, and November. It remained higher in the control group compared to the intervention group over time. Similarly, there was a significant non-linear effect of time on the density of both s.l. and s.l. These densities decreased after the first month following the intervention and increased after 6 months. Twelve months later, a cohort follow-up showed that the bio-efficacy of LLINs was better in the intervention group. The nets treated with the combination of PBO and deltamethrin appear to be more effective for malaria control under community conditions in the DRC, but a loss of chemical durability is noted after the first year of use.
刚果民主共和国（DRC）是疟疾发病率较高的国家之一。为应对这一公共卫生挑战，正在开发和评估创新工具与策略。在新一代具有更高杀虫剂效力的蚊帐中，那些用胡椒基丁醚（PBO）和拟除虫菊酯组合处理过的蚊帐似乎是一种很有前景的疟疾防控工具。本研究在刚果民主共和国的社区使用条件下评估了这种组合的有效性。2018年1月至12月在基桑图健康区开展了一项准实验研究。30个村庄被随机分为两组（1:1），分别接受仅用溴氰菊酯处理或用PBO与溴氰菊酯处理的两种长效驱虫蚊帐（LLIN）之一。干预后，分别每月、每季度和每六个月对疟疾感染、蚊虫密度和LLIN耐用性进行评估。使用广义线性模型对两组不同指标的变化进行比较，以校正非线性效应。共纳入1790名儿童。时间（月）对疟疾感染发病率有显著的非线性影响。1月至3月、5月至6月和11月的疟疾感染发病率较高。随着时间推移，对照组的发病率仍高于干预组。同样，时间对淡色库蚊和致倦库蚊的密度也有显著的非线性影响。干预后的第一个月这些密度下降，6个月后上升。12个月后，队列随访显示干预组LLIN的生物效力更好。在刚果民主共和国的社区条件下，用PBO和溴氰菊酯组合处理的蚊帐似乎对疟疾防控更有效，但在使用的第一年之后化学耐用性有所下降。
