Liu Han-Dong, Fan Liujun, Luo Jiaming, Chang Zhikai
College of Geosciences and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):20374. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05754-y.
Ecological slope restoration is crucial for environmental balance, disaster mitigation, and sustainable development. This study evaluates a novel vegetation-growing material with high strength, plant growth performance, and cost efficiency. The key innovation lies in the introduction of a composite ecological regulator (CER), which synergistically balances mechanical strength and ecological functionality by addressing the limitations of conventional materials (e.g., high cement content, pH imbalance). Using orthogonal and secondary optimization tests, we systematically resolved the conflicting effects of cement, CER, microsilica powder, rice husk, and farmyard manure on vegetative characteristics (germination rate, plant height) and physicochemical properties (compressive strength, pH, porosity). Results demonstrate that cement enhances bond strength but increases pH and reduces porosity, with an optimal dosage of 4%. CER improves nutrients and microbial activity but inhibits growth when excessive, with an optimal dosage of 7.5% of cement. Microsilica powder lowers pH and enhances strength, but exceeding 50% of cement reduces porosity. Rice husk improves pore distribution, while 6% organic matter optimizes water retention, germination rate, and plant height, increasing them by 130% and 163%, respectively. The optimal mix ratio was determined as soil:cement:CER:microsilica powder:rice husk:farmyard manure = 100:4:0.3:2:6:2. Research results provide new ideas for material-vegetation synergistic slope protection and ecological restoration.
生态边坡修复对于环境平衡、减灾和可持续发展至关重要。本研究评估了一种具有高强度、植物生长性能和成本效益的新型植被生长材料。关键创新在于引入了一种复合生态调节剂（CER），它通过解决传统材料的局限性（如水泥含量高、pH值不平衡），协同平衡了机械强度和生态功能。通过正交和二次优化试验，我们系统地解决了水泥、CER、微硅粉、稻壳和农家肥对营养特性（发芽率、株高）和理化性质（抗压强度、pH值、孔隙率）的冲突影响。结果表明，水泥可提高粘结强度，但会增加pH值并降低孔隙率，最佳用量为4%。CER可改善养分和微生物活性，但过量时会抑制生长，最佳用量为水泥的7.5%。微硅粉可降低pH值并增强强度，但超过水泥的50%会降低孔隙率。稻壳可改善孔隙分布，而6%的有机质可优化保水性、发芽率和株高，分别提高130%和163%。确定最佳配比为土壤：水泥：CER：微硅粉：稻壳：农家肥 = 100：4：0.3：2：6：2。研究结果为材料 - 植被协同边坡防护和生态修复提供了新思路。
