Global, Regional and National Burden of Low Back Pain in Adolescents Aged 10-19 years, 1990-2021: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

OBJECTIVE

To comprehensively analyze the levels and trends of low back pain (LBP) prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) among adolescents aged 10-19 globally from 1990 to 2021, stratified by sex and the Socio - Demographic Index (SDI), and analyze the risk factors.

SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA

LBP affects adolescents, but its global burden and trends among this age group need exploration.

METHODS

Estimations were carried out using the Bayesian meta-regression tool, DisMod-MR(Disease Modeling Meta-Regression) 2.1. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was calculated based on the linear regression patterns of age-standardized rates and calendar years to represent the temporal trends of age-standardized rates. Data analysis and visualization were performed using the R software (version 4.2.2).

RESULTS

In 2021, global 10-19 years old had 38,476,826 (95% UI, 29,229,615-49,665,830) incident LBP cases, 19,234,452 (95% UI, 14,487,990-24,798,451) prevalent cases, and 4,205,995 (95% UI, 2,713,716-5,947,074) total YLDs. ASPR (Age-Standardized Prevalence Rate), ASIR (Age-Standardized Incidence Rate), ASYR (Age-Standardized YLDs Rate) declined. Females had higher rates. ASYR and SDI were positively correlated. Hungary, Czech Republic, Romania had high national prevalence; certain regions had big increases. Occupational risks were the only risk factor.

CONCLUSION

LBP still causes high distress to adolescents aged 10-19 and seriously affects their physical and mental health. The burden of LBP remains high. It is necessary to increase the public and policymakers' awareness of its risk factors and take preventive measures to reduce the future burden of this disease.