Xiao Di, Sun Xiang, Li Weidong, Wen Zihao, Zhang Wei-Hong, Yang Li
Department of Comprehensive Maternal and Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China.
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China.
Food Sci Nutr. 2025 Mar 26;13(4):e70098. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.70098. eCollection 2025 Apr.
This study aimed to investigate the associations between a dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM), flavonoid intake, and female infertility, while exploring age-specific differences in these relationships to identify potential dietary strategies for female infertility prevention. This cross-sectional study focused on female participants aged 18-45 years, with data obtained from the 2017-2018 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Weighted multivariable logistic regression models were employed to examine the associations between DI-GM, flavonoid intake, and self-reported female infertility. Age-stratified analyses were performed to evaluate whether these associations varied across reproductive life stages. Higher DI-GM scores were significantly associated with reduced infertility risk (aOR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.13-0.71, = 0.006), with the strongest protective effects observed in women aged < 35 years (Q3: aOR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.03-0.58, = 0.007; Q4: aOR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.09-0.77, = 0.015). Beneficial gut microbiota scores also showed a protective effect (aOR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.57-0.98, = 0.036). Among women aged ≥ 35 years, moderate flavonoid intake (Q2) showed a significant inverse association with female infertility risk (aOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.06-0.66, = 0.009). Our findings reveal novel evidence that higher DI-GM scores and moderate flavonoid intake are significantly linked to a lower risk of female infertility, with age-specific patterns observed. Higher DI-GM scores showed significant protective effects in younger women (< 35 years), while moderate flavonoid intake was protective in women aged ≥ 35 years. These findings underscore the potential of personalized dietary strategies targeting gut microbiota composition and flavonoid intake as cost-effective approaches for female infertility prevention and management across different reproductive life stages.
本研究旨在探究肠道微生物群饮食指数（DI-GM）、黄酮类化合物摄入量与女性不孕症之间的关联，同时探讨这些关系中特定年龄的差异，以确定预防女性不孕症的潜在饮食策略。这项横断面研究聚焦于18至45岁的女性参与者，数据来自2017 - 2018年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）。采用加权多变量逻辑回归模型来检验DI-GM、黄酮类化合物摄入量与自我报告的女性不孕症之间的关联。进行年龄分层分析以评估这些关联在不同生殖生命阶段是否有所不同。较高的DI-GM得分与降低的不孕风险显著相关（调整后的比值比[aOR]=0.30，95%置信区间[CI]：0.13 - 0.71，P = 0.006），在年龄小于35岁的女性中观察到最强的保护作用（第三四分位数：aOR = 0.13，95% CI：0.03 - 0.58，P = 0.007；第四四分位数：aOR = 0.27，95% CI：0.09 - 0.77，P = 0.015）。有益的肠道微生物群得分也显示出保护作用（aOR = 0.75，95% CI：0.57 - 0.98，P = 0.036）。在年龄≥35岁的女性中，中等黄酮类化合物摄入量（第二四分位数）与女性不孕风险呈显著负相关（aOR = 0.19，95% CI：0.06 - 0.66，P = 0.009）。我们的研究结果揭示了新的证据，即较高的DI-GM得分和中等黄酮类化合物摄入量与较低的女性不孕风险显著相关，并观察到特定年龄模式。较高的DI-GM得分在年轻女性（<35岁）中显示出显著的保护作用，而中等黄酮类化合物摄入量在年龄≥35岁的女性中具有保护作用。这些发现强调了针对肠道微生物群组成和黄酮类化合物摄入量的个性化饮食策略作为在不同生殖生命阶段预防和管理女性不孕症的经济有效方法的潜力。
