Qie Rong-Jing, Qin Jiang-Bo, Ji Zhong-Hao
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Changzhi People's Hospital, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, China.
Department of Basic Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):23360. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-07168-2.
This study investigates the relationship between hepatitis A and B vaccinations and hearing loss, along with Pure Tone Average (PTA). Data from 5553 U.S. adults aged 20-69 in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles 2011-2012 and 2015-2016 were analyzed using multivariate regression to assess vaccination status effects on hearing loss and PTA. After adjustment for confounders, ≥ 2 doses of hepatitis A vaccine showed a significant inverse association with speech-frequency hearing loss (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.60-0.97). ≥ 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine correlated positively with right ear low-frequency PTA (β 1.22, 95% CI 0.24-2.20). Subgroup analyses indicated that hepatitis A vaccine benefits females and Hispanic individuals, while hepatitis B impacts are more pronounced in non-Hispanic whites, married individuals, and smokers. Mediation analysis excluded antibody mediation in these associations. Adequate hepatitis A vaccination protects against speech-frequency hearing loss, whereas hepatitis B vaccination may increase low-frequency PTA in the right ear. These findings highlight the importance of hearing health monitoring in specific populations and warrant further research into underlying mechanisms.
本研究调查了甲型和乙型肝炎疫苗接种与听力损失以及纯音平均听阈（PTA）之间的关系。使用多变量回归分析了2011 - 2012年和2015 - 2016年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中5553名年龄在20 - 69岁的成年人的数据，以评估疫苗接种状况对听力损失和PTA的影响。在对混杂因素进行调整后，≥2剂甲型肝炎疫苗与言语频率听力损失呈显著负相关（比值比0.76，95%置信区间0.60 - 0.97）。≥3剂乙型肝炎疫苗与右耳低频PTA呈正相关（β 1.22，95%置信区间0.24 - 2.20）。亚组分析表明，甲型肝炎疫苗对女性和西班牙裔个体有益，而乙型肝炎疫苗的影响在非西班牙裔白人、已婚个体和吸烟者中更为明显。中介分析排除了这些关联中的抗体介导作用。充足的甲型肝炎疫苗接种可预防言语频率听力损失，而乙型肝炎疫苗接种可能会增加右耳的低频PTA。这些发现凸显了在特定人群中进行听力健康监测的重要性，并值得对潜在机制进行进一步研究。
