Najafian Sharareh, Zeynali Reza, Hosseinifarahi Mehdi
Department of Natural Resources and Environment Engineering, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Horticultural Science, Islamic Azad University, Yasuj, Yas. C, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 10;15(1):24997. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-10987-y.
Amine-rich compounds play a pivotal role in plant metabolism, influencing growth, development, and defense mechanisms. Among these, polyamines such as putrescine have gained attention for their ability to enhance plant resilience and stimulate the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. This study investigates the impact of foliar-applied putrescine on the essential oil yield and composition, and on the accumulation of phenolic compounds in Melissa officinalis, as well as on its antioxidant properties. Putrescine was applied at four concentrations: a control (no treatment) and three treatment levels (500 mg/L, 1000 mg/L, and 1500 mg/L) across five independent trials. Putrescine application significantly improved the phytochemical profile and antioxidant capacity of M. officinalis. The predominant essential oil constituents in treated plants were geranial (40.96%), neral (27.71%), caryophyllene oxide (6.00%), geranyl acetate (4.24%), and trans-thujone (2.78%). Notably, the 500 mg/L treatment led to a remarkable increase in phenolic content, particularly catechin, rosmarinic acid, and coumarin levels, reinforcing its potential as a natural elicitor. These findings underscore the potential of putrescine as an effective bio stimulant for enhancing both the yield and quality of medicinal and aromatic plants. By improving essential oil composition and boosting antioxidant compounds, putrescine application presents a promising strategy for optimizing the cultivation of M. officinalis. This approach offers valuable implications for the food and agricultural industries, supporting the development of high-value medicinal plants with enhanced functional properties.
富含胺类的化合物在植物新陈代谢中起着关键作用，影响着植物的生长、发育和防御机制。其中，腐胺等多胺因其增强植物恢复力和刺激次生代谢物生物合成的能力而受到关注。本研究调查了叶面喷施腐胺对香蜂草精油产量和成分、酚类化合物积累及其抗氧化特性的影响。腐胺以四种浓度施用：一个对照（不处理）和三个处理水平（500毫克/升、1000毫克/升和1500毫克/升），进行了五项独立试验。施用腐胺显著改善了香蜂草的植物化学特征和抗氧化能力。处理过的植物中主要的精油成分是香叶醛（40.96%）、橙花醛（27.71%）、氧化石竹烯（6.00%）、乙酸香叶酯（4.24%）和反式侧柏酮（2.78%）。值得注意的是，500毫克/升的处理导致酚类含量显著增加，尤其是儿茶素、迷迭香酸和香豆素水平，增强了其作为天然激发子的潜力。这些发现强调了腐胺作为一种有效的生物刺激剂，在提高药用和芳香植物产量和质量方面的潜力。通过改善精油成分和增加抗氧化化合物，施用腐胺为优化香蜂草种植提供了一种有前景的策略。这种方法对食品和农业产业具有重要意义，并有助于开发具有增强功能特性的高价值药用植物。
