Gitego Joselyne, Okova Rosemary, Habtu Michael
School of Health Sciences, Mount Kenya University, Kigali Campus, Rwanda.
Rwanda J Med Health Sci. 2022 Dec 20;5(3):291-301. doi: 10.4314/rjmhs.v5i3.4. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Undernutrition is one of the important health problems in developing countries, which has undesirable health effect among people living with HIV (PLWHA).
To determine prevalence and determinants of undernutrition among PLWHA in Ngarama District Hospital.
Cross sectional study was conducted among 267 PLWHA who were selected systematically as they came for care. Questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were used to collect data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed.
The prevalence of undernutrition was 22.0%. After controlling all the possible confounders using multivariable analysis, the following variables were predictors of undernutrition: respondents' age 21 to 30 (AOR = 17.24; 95% CI = 5.55 - 53.56; p < 0.001) and 31 to 40 (AOR = 19.15; 95%CI = 5.97 - 61.40; p <0.001) compared to those aged 41 years and above, social category one (AOR = 3.54; 95%CI = 1.18 - 10.59; p = 0.024); experienced gastrointestinal discomfort (AOR = 19.87; 95%CI = 5.09 - 77.55; p <0.001) and not received dietary counseling (AOR = 7.45; 95%CI = 2.83 - 19.62; p <0.001).
The prevalence of undernutrition among PLWHA was high. Therefore, the Ministry of Health and other stakeholders should campaign, counsel and assist with provision of dietary diversity using locally available foods.
营养不良是发展中国家重要的健康问题之一，对艾滋病毒感染者（PLWHA）的健康产生不良影响。
确定恩加拉马地区医院艾滋病毒感染者中营养不良的患病率及其决定因素。
对267名前来就诊的艾滋病毒感染者进行了横断面研究，这些感染者是系统选取的。采用问卷调查和人体测量来收集数据，并进行描述性和推断性统计分析。
营养不良的患病率为22.0%。在使用多变量分析控制所有可能的混杂因素后，以下变量是营养不良的预测因素：21至30岁的受访者（调整后比值比[AOR]=17.24；95%置信区间[CI]=5.55-53.56；p<0.001）和31至40岁的受访者（AOR=19.15；95%CI=5.97-61.40；p<0.001），与41岁及以上的受访者相比；社会类别一（AOR=3.54；95%CI=1.18-10.59；p=0.024）；经历过胃肠道不适（AOR=19.87；95%CI=5.09-77.55；p<0.001）以及未接受饮食咨询（AOR=7.45；95%CI=2.83-19.62；p<0.001）。
艾滋病毒感染者中营养不良的患病率很高。因此，卫生部和其他利益相关者应开展宣传活动，提供咨询，并协助利用当地可得食物提供多样化饮食。
