Voniatis Constantinos, Csupor Timea, Szijártó Attila
Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Gastroenterology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary.
Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary.
Nutrients. 2025 Jun 26;17(13):2122. doi: 10.3390/nu17132122.
Diverticulosis is defined as the presence of diverticula in the intestinal tract. While asymptomatic in most cases, severe complications can arise. The precise etiology of diverticulosis is still being investigated, but its correlation to dietary exposures has been proven. While certain diet recommendations have cemented themselves throughout the years, others seem to be always disputed. Nut consumption has been highly questioned among researchers and clinicians alike for decades. : This review aims to examine all available data regarding nut consumption and diverticulosis. We performed a systematic literature review from various databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library). We followed a multi-modal approach, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative techniques to assess and evaluate studies that investigated nut exposure and diverticulosis. Nine observational studies encompassing over two million person-years were included. The qualitative synthesis and risk-of-bias assessments align with a neutral to modestly protective effect of moderate nut intake. Analysis of nut-specific cohorts revealed no significant increase in diverticulitis risk (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.71-1.12). A sensitivity analysis including a prudent dietary pattern yielded a significant risk reduction (HR 0.75, 0.58-0.97). Dose-response modelling indicated a linear 5% reduction in risk per additional weekly serving. Robustness checks (leave-one-out analysis, tripping point analysis, etc.) confirmed the stability of these findings, with no single study unduly influencing the pooled estimates. Although limitations are present, current evidence suggests that moderate nut consumption is safe and may be protective against diverticulosis, while showing no adverse effect on diverticulitis incidence.
憩室病的定义是肠道中存在憩室。虽然在大多数情况下无症状，但可能会出现严重并发症。憩室病的确切病因仍在研究中，但其与饮食暴露的相关性已得到证实。多年来，某些饮食建议已确立，但其他一些建议似乎一直存在争议。几十年来，研究人员和临床医生都对食用坚果提出了高度质疑。本综述旨在研究所有关于食用坚果与憩室病的现有数据。我们从多个数据库（PubMed、科学网、Embase和考克兰图书馆）进行了系统的文献综述。我们采用了多模式方法，结合定性和定量技术来评估和评价研究坚果暴露与憩室病的研究。纳入了9项观察性研究，涵盖超过200万人年。定性综合分析和偏倚风险评估结果表明，适量摄入坚果具有中性至适度的保护作用。对特定坚果队列的分析显示，憩室炎风险没有显著增加（风险比0.89，95%置信区间0.71-1.12）。一项包括谨慎饮食模式的敏感性分析显示风险显著降低（风险比0.
