Burden level and quality of life of caregivers of hemodialysis patient's in central India: a mixed-method cross-sectional study.

PURPOSE

Caregivers of hemodialysis patients are at high risk of developing reduced quality of life (QoL) and increased caregiver burden.

AIM

This study aims to explore the level of caregiver burden and quality of life in caregivers of hemodialysis patients in central India.

METHODS

This cross-sectional mixed-method study was undertaken among caregivers of stable hemodialysis patients attending a tertiary care hospital in central India. The Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) and WHOQoL BREF questionnaire measured caregiver burden and QoL. The qualitative data was gathered through in-depth interviews using a semi-structured open-ended questionnaire that delved into their personal experiences with caregiving. The transcripts of these interviews were analysed using applied thematic analysis, allowing for the identification and exploration of recurring themes and patterns within the data.

RESULTS

A total of 105 caregivers took part in this study, with a mean age of 40.04 ± 12.96 years. 56 (53.3%) caregivers were female. Most (48.6%, n = 51) were spouses/partners. Ten caregivers (9.5%) had to change their occupations due to caregiving responsibilities. 14 (23.33%) had comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, asthma, and arthritis) themselves. The mean caregiver burden level (ZBI) was 18.55 ± 7.58. Most (59.0%) experienced mild to moderate burden, while 28.6% reported a high burden. The WHOQoL BREF mean score of various domains of physical health, psychological, social relationship and environmental was 35.70 ± 12.14, 44.20 ± 13.28, 44.28 ± 15.10 and 40.07 ± 13.36 respectively. The thematic analysis revealed, difficulty in continuing education and employment, changing jobs, the need to travel long distances to reach dialysis facilities and hardship due to COVID-19 pandemic as recurring challenges among caregivers.

CONCLUSION

Caregivers of Hemodialysis patients had significant caregiver burden and poor QoL. Regular assessment and special attention are needed for these caregivers.