Elias-Warren Annalyse, Bennett Julia C, Iwu Chidozie D, Starita Lea M, Stone Jeremy, Capodanno Ben, Prentice Robin, Han Peter D, Acker Zack, Grindstaff Sally B, Reinhart David, Logue Jennifer K, Wolf Caitlin R, Boeckh Michael, Kong Kevin, Xie Hong, Kim Geon, Greninger Alexander L, Perofsky Amanda C, Viboud Cécile, Uyeki Timothy M, Englund Janet A, Roychoudhury Pavitra, Chu Helen Y
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2025 Jul 16;232(Supplement_1):S78-S92. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaf142.
The clinical and genomic epidemiology of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infections in community settings is not well understood.
From 2018 to 2022, individuals with respiratory symptoms were recruited and enrolled from the greater Seattle, Washington community in the United States. Residual clinical specimens from individuals presenting with respiratory symptoms were additionally collected. Specimens were tested for hMPV by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, with whole genome sequencing performed on a subset (209/1002).
hMPV positivity was higher among clinical specimens (835/21 539 [3.9%]) compared to community specimens (167/28 348 [0.6%]). Children aged 0-4 years had the highest percent positivity across both clinical and community settings (497/10 213 [4.9%] and 28/1640 [1.7%], respectively). In multivariate analysis, a household income of ≤US$100 000 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.72 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.07-2.85]), and recent international travel (aOR, 6.51 [95% CI, 3.11-12.22]) were associated with hMPV positivity. A subset of 209 of 1002 samples (21%) was sequenced; the distribution of subtypes A2b, A2c, B1, and B2 were similar across both community and clinical settings, with an increase in the proportion of subtype B1 after the start of the pandemic.
Risk factors of testing positive for hMPV in a community setting included lower household income and recent international travel. Co-circulation of hMPV subtypes was observed across community and clinical settings.
社区环境中人类偏肺病毒（hMPV）感染的临床和基因组流行病学尚不清楚。
2018年至2022年，从美国华盛顿州大西雅图社区招募有呼吸道症状的个体并纳入研究。此外，还收集了有呼吸道症状个体的剩余临床标本。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应检测标本中的hMPV，并对一部分样本（209/1002）进行全基因组测序。
与社区标本（167/28348 [0.6%]）相比，临床标本中hMPV阳性率更高（835/21539 [3.9%]）。0至4岁儿童在临床和社区环境中的阳性率最高（分别为497/10213 [4.9%]和28/1640 [1.7%]）。多因素分析显示，家庭收入≤10万美元（调整优势比[aOR]，1.72 [95%置信区间{CI}，1.07 - 2.85]）以及近期国际旅行（aOR，6.51 [95% CI，3.11 - 12.22]）与hMPV阳性相关。对1002个样本中的209个（21%）进行了测序；A2b、A2c、B1和B2亚型在社区和临床环境中的分布相似，疫情开始后B1亚型比例增加。
社区环境中hMPV检测呈阳性的危险因素包括家庭收入较低和近期国际旅行。在社区和临床环境中均观察到hMPV亚型的共同流行。
