Niedmann Paola, Merino Osvaldo, Ávila Sebastián, Pereira Wellison Amorim, Farías Jorge G, Oliveira Ricardo Pinheiro S, Villasante Alejandro, Isler Iván Valdebenito, Villalobos Elías Figueroa
Doctorado en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile.
Centro de Excelencia de Biotecnología de La Reproducción (BIOREN-CEBIOR), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2025 Jul 18;51(4):123. doi: 10.1007/s10695-025-01535-6.
Quality control of intratesticular sperm samples obtained through testicular maceration faces significant challenges in salmon aquaculture. Mechanical damage during maceration and tissue contamination induces oxidative stress owing to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Due to the ability of antioxidants to reduce oxidative stress, this study evaluated the antioxidant effect of creatine on intratesticular sperm functionality and quality in fifteen males of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Two experiments were conducted under short-term storage (4 °C). In experiment 1, four creatine concentrations were tested: group 1 (0 mM, control), group 2 (2.5 mM), group 3 (5.0 mM), and group 4 (7.5 mM), with measurements at 0 h and 24 h. Experiment 2 involved lower concentrations: group 1 (0 mM), group 2 (0.1 mM), group 3 (0.2 mM), and group 4 (0.4 mM), assessed after 1-h incubation. Both experiments evaluated sperm kinetics (motility, curvilinear velocity [VCL], straight-line velocity [VSL], average path velocity [VAP]) using Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) and sperm functionality (membrane integrity, mitochondrial potential, anion superoxide levels, and DNA fragmentation) via flow cytometry. In experiment 1, group 2 showed higher motility, and group 4 displayed reduced mitochondrial ROS at 0 h. In experiment 2, group 4 had significantly lower cytoplasmic and mitochondrial ROS levels, indicating enhanced antioxidant protection. Overall, creatine monohydrate demonstrated antioxidant properties, reducing oxidative stress, lowering ROS levels and DNA fragmentation in group 4 (0.4 mM). These findings highlight creatine's potential to enhance sperm quality in aquaculture, particularly for short-term storage of intratesticular sperm.
在鲑鱼养殖中，通过睾丸研磨获得的睾丸内精子样本的质量控制面临重大挑战。研磨过程中的机械损伤和组织污染会因活性氧（ROS）诱导氧化应激。由于抗氧化剂具有降低氧化应激的能力，本研究评估了肌酸对15尾银大麻哈鱼（Oncorhynchus kisutch）睾丸内精子功能和质量的抗氧化作用。在短期储存（4°C）条件下进行了两项实验。在实验1中，测试了四种肌酸浓度：第1组（0 mM，对照组）、第2组（2.5 mM）、第3组（5.0 mM）和第4组（7.5 mM），在0小时和24小时进行测量。实验2涉及较低浓度：第1组（0 mM）、第2组（0.1 mM）、第3组（0.2 mM）和第4组（0.4 mM），在孵育1小时后进行评估。两项实验均使用计算机辅助精子分析（CASA）评估精子动力学（活力、曲线速度[VCL]、直线速度[VSL]、平均路径速度[VAP]），并通过流式细胞术评估精子功能（膜完整性、线粒体电位、阴离子超氧化物水平和DNA片段化）。在实验1中，第2组在0小时时显示出较高的活力，第4组显示出线粒体ROS减少。在实验2中，第4组的细胞质和线粒体ROS水平显著降低，表明抗氧化保护增强。总体而言，一水肌酸表现出抗氧化特性，降低了氧化应激，降低了第4组（0.4 mM）的ROS水平和DNA片段化。这些发现突出了肌酸在水产养殖中提高精子质量的潜力，特别是对于睾丸内精子的短期储存。
