Ge Lili, Gao Shi, Kia Najaf, Wang Yanzhong, Hua Liqun
Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2025 Jul 18;17(1):287. doi: 10.1186/s13098-025-01799-1.
Vitamin D deficiency is common among individuals with obesity and metabolic disorders. Evidence on its effect on metabolic markers remains inconclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on lipid profile, glycemic control, and anthropometric indices.
A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and China Knowledge Network was conducted from inception to May 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating oral vitamin D supplementation in adults with overweight, obesity, or metabolic disorders were included. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model.
Twenty-five RCTs (30 arms) were included. Overall, vitamin D supplementation did not significantly affect triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, LDL-C, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, waist circumference (WC), or body weight (p < 0.05). Subgroup analyses showed significant effects in certain populations, such as increased HDL-C in individuals with diabetes and elevated LDL-C in younger adults and males. A significant reduction in BMI was observed after adjusting for publication bias (p < 0.05). Heterogeneity varied across outcomes, and risk of bias was generally low, although some studies had unclear reporting.
Vitamin D supplementation has limited effects on metabolic and anthropometric markers in adults with obesity or related metabolic disorders. Certain subgroups may benefit, warranting further targeted research.
维生素D缺乏在肥胖和代谢紊乱个体中很常见。其对代谢标志物影响的证据尚无定论。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在评估补充维生素D对血脂谱、血糖控制和人体测量指标的影响。
从创刊至2024年5月，对PubMed、Embase、Cochrane图书馆、Web of Science和中国知网进行了全面检索。纳入评估超重、肥胖或代谢紊乱成人口服补充维生素D的随机对照试验（RCT）。采用随机效应模型计算加权平均差（WMD）和95%置信区间（CI）。
纳入25项RCT（30个研究组）。总体而言，补充维生素D对甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、空腹血糖（FPG）、胰岛素、稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、腰围（WC）或体重均无显著影响（p>0.05）。亚组分析显示在某些人群中有显著影响，如糖尿病患者的HDL-C升高，以及年轻人和男性的LDL-C升高。校正发表偏倚后，观察到体重指数（BMI）显著降低（p<0.05）。不同结局的异质性不同，尽管一些研究报告不明确，但偏倚风险总体较低。
补充维生素D对肥胖或相关代谢紊乱成人的代谢和人体测量指标影响有限。某些亚组可能受益，值得进一步开展针对性研究。
