Yang Xu, Zhang Guangyu, Shan Qingai
China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, Beijing, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 Jul 18;104(29):e43383. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000043383.
Oral ulcers are a common oral disease. This study aims to use data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to analyze the related risk factors of oral ulcers and explore health status differences among various populations. The data were derived from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, covering various aspects of the health, lifestyle, nutritional status of the U.S. civilian population. Three thousand one hundred twenty-six participants were included in the final analysis, divided into 2 groups: with and without oral ulcers. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect information on age, gender, race, family income, body mass index, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, heart disease, smoking, alcohol consumption. The diagnosis of oral ulcers was based on participants' self-reported questionnaire results. Statistical analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, including descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation analysis, multiple linear regression, confusion matrix analysis, forest plot analysis, restricted cubic spline regression. Significant differences were found between participants with and without oral ulcers in terms of age, gender, family income, hyperlipidemia, depression, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Age, gender, family income, magnesium, and sodium were important factors related to the incidence of oral ulcers. The model's accuracy was approximately 72.48%, precision was about 58.26%, recall was about 61.15%, and the F1 score was about 59.57%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.77, indicating that the classifier has a good discriminative ability. There was a significant association between age and the increased risk of oral ulcers, with the risk significantly decreasing with age. Smoking and hypertension had a significant impact on the prediction of oral ulcers, with the model tending to predict the occurrence of oral ulcers in cases with higher levels of smoking and hypertension. Age, gender, family income, hyperlipidemia, depression, smoking, and alcohol consumption are important risk factors for oral ulcers. The model has good predictive ability overall but still has room for improvement in predicting the presence of oral ulcers. There is a significant association between age and the increased risk of oral ulcers, with the risk significantly decreasing with age. Smoking and hypertension have a significant impact on the prediction of oral ulcers.
口腔溃疡是一种常见的口腔疾病。本研究旨在利用美国国家健康与营养检查调查的数据，分析口腔溃疡的相关危险因素，并探讨不同人群的健康状况差异。这些数据源自美国国家健康与营养检查调查，涵盖了美国平民人口的健康、生活方式、营养状况等各个方面。最终分析纳入了3126名参与者，分为两组：有口腔溃疡组和无口腔溃疡组。使用标准化问卷收集年龄、性别、种族、家庭收入、体重指数、糖尿病、高脂血症、心脏病、吸烟、饮酒等信息。口腔溃疡的诊断基于参与者自我报告的问卷结果。使用社会科学统计软件进行统计分析，包括描述性统计、Spearman相关性分析、多元线性回归、混淆矩阵分析、森林图分析、受限立方样条回归。有口腔溃疡和无口腔溃疡的参与者在年龄、性别、家庭收入、高脂血症、抑郁症、吸烟和饮酒方面存在显著差异。年龄、性别、家庭收入、镁和钠是与口腔溃疡发病率相关的重要因素。该模型的准确率约为72.48%，精确率约为58.26%，召回率约为61.15%，F1分数约为59.57%。受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.77，表明该分类器具有良好的判别能力。年龄与口腔溃疡风险增加之间存在显著关联，风险随年龄显著降低。吸烟和高血压对口腔溃疡的预测有显著影响，该模型倾向于预测吸烟和高血压水平较高的病例会发生口腔溃疡。年龄、性别、家庭收入、高脂血症、抑郁症、吸烟和饮酒是口腔溃疡的重要危险因素。该模型总体上具有良好的预测能力，但在预测口腔溃疡的存在方面仍有改进空间。年龄与口腔溃疡风险增加之间存在显著关联，风险随年龄显著降低。吸烟和高血压对口腔溃疡的预测有显著影响。
