Suarez Gabriela L, Bezek Jessica L, Westerman Heidi B, Hanson Jamie L, Klump Kelly L, Burt S Alexandra, Hyde Luke W
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci. 2025 Jun 6;5(5):100550. doi: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100550. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Many youth exposed to adversity exhibit resilience, yet the neurobiological factors that support resilience are poorly understood. Few studies have examined how brain structure is related to resilience across multiple domains of functioning.
We evaluated associations between brain structure (volume, thickness, surface area) and psychological, social, and academic resilience in a sample of 708 twins (7-19 years) exposed to neighborhood disadvantage from the Michigan Twin Neurogenetics Study, recruited from the Michigan State University Twin Registry.
For youth exposed to neighborhood disadvantage, greater total gray matter volume predicted positive psychological adaptation, while smaller right caudal middle frontal gyrus surface area predicted positive social adaptation. We examined whether cumulative adverse experiences moderated the relationship between brain structure and positive outcomes. Several interactions between brain structure and cumulative risk were found to predict positive outcomes, yielding multidomain resilience. Generally, larger brain structure correlated with increased positive functioning in specific domains for individuals with high cumulative risk but not for those with low cumulative risk.
The study supports the use of multidomain resilience models and identifies neural mechanisms that may promote adaptive responses to adversity. Most identified structural correlates of positive adaptation were indicators of resilience in that they predicted positive function at moderate to high levels of exposure to cumulative risk.
许多经历过逆境的青少年表现出了恢复力，但支持恢复力的神经生物学因素却知之甚少。很少有研究探讨大脑结构如何与多个功能领域的恢复力相关。
我们在密歇根双胞胎神经遗传学研究中，从密歇根州立大学双胞胎登记处招募了708名（7至19岁）经历邻里不利环境的双胞胎样本，评估大脑结构（体积、厚度、表面积）与心理、社会和学业恢复力之间的关联。
对于经历邻里不利环境的青少年，更大的总灰质体积预示着积极的心理适应，而较小的右侧尾侧额中回表面积预示着积极的社会适应。我们研究了累积不良经历是否调节了大脑结构与积极结果之间的关系。发现大脑结构与累积风险之间的几种相互作用可预测积极结果，从而产生多领域恢复力。一般来说，对于累积风险高的个体，较大的大脑结构与特定领域中增强的积极功能相关，但对于累积风险低的个体则不然。
该研究支持使用多领域恢复力模型，并确定了可能促进对逆境产生适应性反应的神经机制。大多数确定的积极适应的结构相关因素是恢复力的指标，因为它们在中度至高度累积风险暴露水平下预测了积极功能。
