McLean Rebecca K, Pedrera Miriam, Thakur Nazia, Elrefaey Ahmed M E, Hodgson Sophia, Lowther Sue, Reid Tristan, Todd Shawn, Rowe Brenton, Bergfeld Jemma, Trinidad Lee, Riddell Sarah, Edwards Sarah, Payne Jean, Barr Jennifer, Rye Nick, Bruce Matt, Poole Tim, Brown Sheree, Dalziel Toni, Au Gough, Fisher Megan, Layton Rachel, Lambe Teresa, Chappell Keith, Isaacs Ariel, Watterson Daniel, Mourino Mercedes, Raue Ruediger, Shanta Ireen Sultana, Siddika Ayesha, Begum Mst Noorjahan, Rahman Sezanur, Bhuyan Abdulla Al Mamun, Alam Muntasir, Rahman Mohammed Ziaur, Rahman Mustafizur, Tchilian Elma, Gilbert Sarah C, Young Paul, Bailey Dalan, Marsh Glenn A, Graham Simon P
The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, UK.
Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain.
NPJ Vaccines. 2025 Jul 23;10(1):163. doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01212-y.
Nipah virus (NiV) causes a severe neurological disease in humans. The first NiV outbreak, in Malaysia, involved pig-to-human transmission, that resulted in significant economic losses to the local pig industry. Despite the risk NiV poses to pig-dense regions, no licensed vaccines exist. This study therefore assessed three NiV vaccine candidates in pigs: (1) adjuvanted soluble NiV (s)G protein, (2) adjuvanted pre-fusion stabilised NiV (mcs)F protein, and (3) adenoviral vectored NiV G (ChAdOx1 NiV G). NiV sG induced the strongest neutralising antibody response, NiV mcsF induced antibodies best able to neutralise cell-cell fusion, whereas ChAdOx1 NiV G elicited CD8 T-cell responses. Despite differences in immunogenicity, prime-boost immunisation with all candidates conferred a high degree of protection against NiV infection. Follow-up studies demonstrated longevity of immune responses and broadly comparable immune responses in Bangladeshi pigs under field conditions. These studies provide a platform for developing a NiV vaccine for pigs.
尼帕病毒（NiV）可导致人类患上严重的神经系统疾病。首次尼帕病毒疫情发生在马来西亚，涉及猪传人，给当地养猪业造成了重大经济损失。尽管尼帕病毒对猪密集地区构成风险，但目前尚无获批的疫苗。因此，本研究评估了三种用于猪的尼帕病毒候选疫苗：（1）佐剂化可溶性尼帕病毒（s）G蛋白，（2）佐剂化预融合稳定化尼帕病毒（mcs）F蛋白，以及（3）腺病毒载体尼帕病毒G（ChAdOx1 NiV G）。尼帕病毒sG诱导出最强的中和抗体反应，尼帕病毒mcsF诱导出的抗体最能中和细胞间融合，而ChAdOx1 NiV G引发了CD8 T细胞反应。尽管免疫原性存在差异，但所有候选疫苗的初免-加强免疫均赋予了对尼帕病毒感染的高度保护。后续研究证明了免疫反应的持久性以及在田间条件下孟加拉猪中具有广泛可比的免疫反应。这些研究为开发猪用尼帕病毒疫苗提供了一个平台。
