Nonenzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Glucose Using Hydrothermally Synthesized High-Specific-Surface-Area SnO Nanoparticles.

The successful synthesis of high-surface-area SnO nanoparticles with a spherical surface morphology and an average size of 16 nm was carried out using a hydrothermal chemical approach. The characterization of the as-prepared nanoparticles was carried out using XRD, TEM, FESEM, EDX, and UV-visible DRS techniques. The BET surface area of the SnO nanoparticles was found to be 94.2 m/g. Electrochemical analysis using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and linear sweep voltammetry demonstrated the sensitivity of the nanoparticles toward glucose detection, showing a linear response from 0.25 to 3.0 mM and a low detection limit of 0.11 mM. The chronoamperometric analysis showed a rapid response of an electrode with the successive addition of different glucose concentrations. The SnO-modified electrode exhibited a rapid, stable, and selective response to glucose, with only ∼15% signal loss over 15 days of intermittent use. Furthermore, SnO shows good selectivity toward glucose molecules with low interference from glucose analogues such as dopamine and ascorbic acid. These findings suggest the potential application of pristine SnO nanostructures as efficient nonenzymatic electrochemical sensors for glucose monitoring.