Sierra-Ruelas Erika, Vizmanos Barbara, López Gómez Juan José, Rico Daniel, Martínez J Alfredo, Luis Daniel A De
Doctorados en Cs. de la Nutrición Traslacional y de la Salud Pública, Laboratorio Evaluación Estado Nutricio, Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico.
Dirección de Investigación, Secretaría de Salud Jalisco, Guadalajara 44100, Jalisco, Mexico.
Nutrients. 2025 Jul 17;17(14):2345. doi: 10.3390/nu17142345.
The interplay between genetic factors and nutritional patterns is critical in understanding metabolic health. This analysis evaluated the potential reciprocal relationships between the -308 G/A gene polymorphism, the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI), and insulin-related variables in Spanish adults with obesity. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 292 adults with obesity. Anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary variables were assessed. -308 G/A genotyping was performed. Associations and potential interactions between CDAI and genotype on insulin and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were examined using multivariate regression and two-way ANOVA. Higher CDAI scores were significantly associated with lower insulin levels ( < 0.001) and HOMA-IR ( < 0.001), regardless of genotype. Carriers of the A allele (GA/AA) showed a non-significant trend toward higher insulin levels ( = 0.087) and a steeper decrease in insulin levels with increasing CDAI, with a significant interaction observed between genotype and CDAI (interaction = 0.003). Multivariate analyses confirmed that CDAI and genotype were independently associated with insulin and HOMA-IR levels. However, interaction terms were not consistently significant across all models. These findings emphasize the potential of antioxidant-rich diets to help modulate the influence of pro-inflammatory genotypes on insulin resistance, highlighting the relevance of integrating genetic and dietary factors in managing obesity-related metabolic risks. Further studies are warranted to confirm these preliminary findings and to better understand the mechanisms underlying gene-diet interactions in metabolic regulation.
基因因素与营养模式之间的相互作用对于理解代谢健康至关重要。本分析评估了西班牙肥胖成年人中-308 G/A基因多态性、复合膳食抗氧化指数（CDAI）与胰岛素相关变量之间潜在的相互关系。对292名肥胖成年人进行了横断面分析。评估了人体测量学、生化和饮食变量。进行了-308 G/A基因分型。使用多元回归和双向方差分析研究了CDAI与基因型对胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）的关联及潜在相互作用。无论基因型如何，较高的CDAI得分均与较低的胰岛素水平（P<0.001）和HOMA-IR（P<0.001）显著相关。A等位基因携带者（GA/AA）的胰岛素水平有升高的非显著趋势（P = 0.087），且随着CDAI升高胰岛素水平下降更明显，基因型与CDAI之间存在显著相互作用（相互作用P = 0.003）。多元分析证实，CDAI和基因型与胰岛素及HOMA-IR水平独立相关。然而，交互项在所有模型中并非始终显著。这些发现强调了富含抗氧化剂的饮食有助于调节促炎基因型对胰岛素抵抗影响的潜力，并突出了整合基因和饮食因素在管理肥胖相关代谢风险方面的相关性。有必要进行进一步研究以证实这些初步发现，并更好地理解代谢调节中基因-饮食相互作用的潜在机制。
