Development and characterization of AgAuSe-based hybrid perovskite solar cells with chalcogenide ETLs and CFTS HTL.

This work explores the development of hybrid perovskite solar cells using silver-gold chalcogenide (AgAuSe) as the substrate. The focus is on combining wide-bandgap chalcogenide ETLs like WS, SnS, and CeO with HTL CFTS. Three device configurations were analyzed: Device I (Al/FTO/WS/AgAuSe/CFTS/Au), Device II (Al/FTO/SnS/AgAuSe/CFTS/Au), and Device III (Al/FTO/CeO/AgAuSe/CFTS/Au). The study considered key factors influencing device performance, including doping concentration, layer thickness, absorber defect density, and the characteristics of both the ETL and HTL layers. Device II showed the best performance among the three configurations, with significant improvements achieved through optimization. The performance of Device II was assessed using the SCAPS-1D simulator, focusing on optimizing doping and defect densities in both the ETL and HTL layers. Additionally, temperature effects and interface flaws were considered in the simulation. The optimal configuration of Device II achieved a maximum PCE of 29.60%, an FF of 84.84%, a V of 0.7378 V, and a J of 47.28 mA/cm. These results set a benchmark for AgAuSe-based solar cells. Devices I and III achieved PCEs of 18.17% and 29.10%, respectively, but Device II remained the top performer. The study optimized solar cell design, with Device II achieving 29.60% efficiency, demonstrating the strong potential of AgAuSe-based hybrid perovskite solar cells, whereas earlier work established AgAuSe as effective for NIR photodetectors but did not explore its photovoltaic applications.