Konstanti Prokopis, Ahrens Kira F, Neumann Rebecca J, Plichta Michael M, Schiweck Carmen, Ruf Alea, Fiebach Christian J, Kalisch Raffael, Basten Ulrike, Wessa Michèle, Tuescher Oliver, Kollmann Bianca, Lieb Klaus, Arias-Vasquez Alejandro, Smidt Hauke, Reif Andreas, Matura Silke, Belzer Clara
Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany.
Transl Psychiatry. 2025 Aug 3;15(1):263. doi: 10.1038/s41398-025-03483-4.
Impulsivity is an important personality trait that has been associated with unhealthy dietary choices and higher alcohol consumption. In turn, both diet and alcohol can affect gut microbiota composition, which has been recently linked with mental health. Although a few studies have explored the relationship between personality traits and gut microbiota, the interplay between trait impulsivity, diet, and gut microbiota remains underexplored. In the present cross-sectional study, we examine the relationship between impulsivity, diet, and fecal microbiota composition in the LORA (Longitudinal Resilience Assessment) cohort, which included participants of the general population (N = 913), without any lifetime diagnosis of mental disorder and no major disease. Fecal samples were analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing, and trait impulsivity was assessed using the UPPS (Urgency-Premeditation-Perseverance-Sensation seeking) questionnaire. UPPS facets were associated with consumption of alcohol, sugary drinks, fruits, vegetables and fiber but not with meat. All the dietary components were associated with overall fecal microbiota composition as determined by beta diversity analyses, but no associations were detected for any of the four UPPS facets. Per genus analysis revealed associations of urgency with three bacterial taxa, premediation with four bacterial taxa and sensation seeking with one bacterial taxon. Notably, the genera Butyricicoccus and Lachnospiraceae UCG-001 that were negatively associated with urgency were also associated with healthier dietary patterns such as higher fiber, fruits and vegetables consumption and with lower consumption of sugary drinks. Furthermore the bacterium Eubacterium siraeum that was associated with higher sensation seeking, was also associated with more frequent alcohol consumption. Overall, our results suggest that impulsivity in neurotypical adults is associated with dietary choices and the relative abundances of specific gut bacteria.
冲动性是一种重要的人格特质，它与不健康的饮食选择和更高的酒精摄入量有关。反过来，饮食和酒精都会影响肠道微生物群的组成，而肠道微生物群最近已与心理健康联系起来。尽管有一些研究探讨了人格特质与肠道微生物群之间的关系，但特质冲动性、饮食和肠道微生物群之间的相互作用仍未得到充分研究。在本横断面研究中，我们在LORA（纵向复原力评估）队列中研究了冲动性、饮食和粪便微生物群组成之间的关系，该队列包括一般人群（N = 913）的参与者，他们没有任何精神障碍的终生诊断且没有重大疾病。使用16S核糖体RNA扩增子测序分析粪便样本，并使用UPPS（冲动-预谋-坚持-寻求刺激）问卷评估特质冲动性。UPPS各维度与酒精、含糖饮料、水果、蔬菜和纤维的摄入量有关，但与肉类摄入量无关。所有饮食成分都与通过β多样性分析确定的总体粪便微生物群组成有关，但未检测到四个UPPS维度中的任何一个与粪便微生物群组成有关。按属分析显示，冲动性与三个细菌类群相关，预谋与四个细菌类群相关，寻求刺激与一个细菌类群相关。值得注意的是，与冲动性呈负相关的丁酸球菌属和毛螺菌科UCG-001属也与更健康的饮食模式有关，如更高的纤维、水果和蔬菜摄入量以及更低的含糖饮料摄入量。此外，与更高的寻求刺激相关的西雷姆真杆菌也与更频繁的酒精消费有关。总体而言，我们的结果表明，神经典型成年人的冲动性与饮食选择和特定肠道细菌的相对丰度有关。
