自上一个冰河时代以来伊比利亚马的基因组历史。
The genomic history of Iberian horses since the last Ice Age.
作者信息
Lira Garrido Jaime, Tressières Gaétan, Chauvey Lorelei, Schiavinato Stéphanie, Calvière-Tonasso Laure, Seguin-Orlando Andaine, Southon John, Shapiro Beth, Bataille Clément, Birgel Julie, Wagner Stefanie, Khan Naveed, Liu Xuexue, Rodanés José María, Picazo Millán Jesús V, Giralt Josep, Alonso Natàlia, Aguilera Isidro, Orsingher Adriano, Trentacoste Angela, Payà Xavier, Morán Marta, Iborra Eres María Pilar, Albizuri Silvia, Valenzuela Lamas Silvia, Mestres Santandreu Imma, Duran Caixal Montserrat, Principal Jordi, Farré Huguet Jordi, Esteve Xavier, Pedro Pasqual Mireia, Sala Nohemi, Pablos Adrián, Martín Patricia, Vergès Josep Maria, Portero Rodrigo, Arias Pablo, Ontañón Peredo Roberto, Detry Cleia, Luís Cristina, Cardoso João Luís, Maeir Aren M, Valente Maria J, Grau Elena, Estall I Poles Vicent, Alfonso Llorens Joaquín, Miguélez González Ana, Gardeisen Armelle, Cupitò Michele, Tecchiati Umberto, Bradley Daniel G, Kolska Horwitz Liora, Rodríguez González Esther, Nieto Espinet Ariadna, Bover Pere, Ruiz Entrecanales Rosa, Garcés Estallo Ignasi, Jiménez Fragoso Joaquín, Celestino Sebastián, Orlando Ludovic
机构信息
Centre d'Anthropobiologie et de Génomique de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5288, Université de Toulouse, Faculté de Santé, 37 Allées Jules Guesde, 31000, Toulouse, France.
Earth System Science Department, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
出版信息
Nat Commun. 2025 Aug 2;16(1):7098. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-62266-z.
Horses have inhabited Iberia (present-day Spain and Portugal) since the Middle Pleistocene, shaping a complex history in the region. Iberia has been proposed as a potential domestication centre and is renowned for producing world-class bloodlines. Here, we generate genome-wide sequence data from 87 ancient horse specimens (median coverage = 0.97X) from Iberia and the broader Mediterranean to reconstruct their genetic history over the last ~26,000 years. Here, we report that wild horses of the divergent IBE lineage inhabited Iberia from the Late Pleistocene, while domesticated DOM2 horses, native from the Pontic-Caspian steppes, already arrived ~1850 BCE. Admixture dating suggests breeding practices involving continued wild restocking until at least ~350 BCE, with IBE disappearing shortly after. Patterns of genetic affinity highlight the far-reaching influence of Iberian bloodlines across Europe and north Africa during the Iron Age and Antiquity, with continued impact extending thereafter, particularly during the colonization of the Americas.
自中更新世以来，马匹就一直栖息在伊比利亚半岛（当今的西班牙和葡萄牙），在该地区塑造了一段复杂的历史。伊比利亚半岛被认为是一个潜在的驯化中心，并以培育出世界级的血统而闻名。在此，我们从伊比利亚半岛及更广阔的地中海地区的87个古代马标本（中位覆盖率 = 0.97X）中生成全基因组序列数据，以重建它们在过去约26000年的遗传历史。在此，我们报告称，不同的IBE谱系的野马从晚更新世起就栖息在伊比利亚半岛，而原产于黑海 - 里海草原的驯化DOM2马在公元前1850年左右就已抵达。混合年代测定表明，繁殖方式包括持续引入野生马匹，至少持续到公元前350年左右，之后IBE不久便消失了。遗传亲缘关系模式凸显了伊比利亚血统在铁器时代和古代对欧洲和北非产生的深远影响，此后这种影响持续存在，尤其是在美洲殖民时期。
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