Udhwani Trishang, Grave Kari, Hopp Petter, Helgesen Kari Olli
Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Elizabeth Stephansens vei 1, Ås, 1433, Norway.
BMC Vet Res. 2025 Aug 7;21(1):510. doi: 10.1186/s12917-025-04903-9.
Antibiotic use data in animals is of interest to understand the development and occurrence of antibiotic resistance from a One Health perspective. Since 2023, it has been mandatory to collect and report data on antibiotic use per animal species or subcategory of species for cattle, pigs, chickens and turkeys in all EU and EEA countries. Norway collects data on use of medicines for animals through the Norwegian Veterinary Prescription Register (VetReg). It is mandatory for veterinarians to report the use of all medicines for food-producing animals and for pharmacies to report to VetReg all medicines dispensed to animal owners for all animal species and to veterinarians. The aim of our study was to evaluate the quality of antibiotic VetReg data for 2023, focusing on the information required to fulfill reporting of use data in accordance with the EU-requirements. The quality attributes, accuracy of data and timeliness of reporting, were evaluated using VetReg data, and completeness was evaluated by comparing VetReg data with sales statistics from wholesalers.
In general, accuracy varied between the variables and within a variable, depending on whether veterinarians or pharmacies were the data source. For example, 97% of veterinary records included the required subcategory of the animal species, while only 17% of the pharmacy's records did. Antibiotic use data in VetReg were calculated to cover 85% of the antibiotics sold by wholesaler to pharmacies. Timeliness also varied - i.e. pharmacies reported almost immediately after dispensing, while 29% of veterinary records were not reported within the deadline of seven days.
Antibiotic use data for animals in Norway in 2023 could be reported to EMA using VetReg data. The data were, however, not fully accurate and complete. This study revealed several specific accuracy issues and issues with timeliness of reporting. These findings provide the basis for targeted quality improvement measures and can be transformed to metrics suitable to track the progress of the ongoing quality improvement work.
从“同一健康”的角度来看，动物抗生素使用数据对于理解抗生素耐药性的发展和出现具有重要意义。自2023年起，所有欧盟和欧洲经济区国家都必须收集并报告牛、猪、鸡和火鸡每个动物物种或物种子类别的抗生素使用数据。挪威通过挪威兽医处方登记处（VetReg）收集动物用药数据。兽医必须报告所有用于食用动物的药物使用情况，药店必须向VetReg报告向所有动物物种的动物主人和兽医分发的所有药物。我们研究的目的是评估2023年抗生素VetReg数据的质量，重点关注按照欧盟要求完成使用数据报告所需的信息。使用VetReg数据评估质量属性、数据准确性和报告及时性，并通过将VetReg数据与批发商的销售统计数据进行比较来评估完整性。
总体而言，准确性因变量不同以及在一个变量内而有所差异，这取决于数据来源是兽医还是药店。例如，97%的兽医记录包含所需的动物物种子类，而药店记录中只有17%包含。经计算，VetReg中的抗生素使用数据涵盖了批发商卖给药店的85%的抗生素。及时性也有所不同——即药店在配药后几乎立即报告，而29%的兽医记录未在七天的截止日期内报告。
2023年挪威动物抗生素使用数据可以使用VetReg数据报告给欧洲药品管理局（EMA）。然而，这些数据并不完全准确和完整。本研究揭示了几个具体的准确性问题和报告及时性问题。这些发现为有针对性的质量改进措施提供了基础，并可转化为适合跟踪正在进行的质量改进工作进展的指标。
