Zhu Yuanyuan, Zhang Rongrong, Ni Longyan, Xie Zhaoyang, Lu Shuiping, Xie Shiping, Zhang Xiangrong
Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2025 Jul 30;16:1643369. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1643369. eCollection 2025.
Cognitive deficits present transdiagnostic characteristic and partly explain the poor functional outcomes of patients with mental disorders. Understanding the relationships between neurocognition, social cognition, and global function may help identify new cognitive intervention targets. We aimed to model the complex interrelationships among these variables with Gaussian Graphical Modeling in a transdiagnostic sample.
A total of 482 individuals were included in this study, comprising 281 patients with first-episode schizophrenia, 128 patients with bipolar disorder, and 73 patients with major depressive disorder. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale were evaluated. The interaction and centrality indexes of cognitive and global function were analyzed by network analysis.
In the transdiagnostic network, speed of processing (SOP) and verbal learning (Vrbl) exhibited higher centrality indexes. The cognitive nodes closely associated with global function included working memory (WM), and attention/vigilance (AV). When subjects were modeled separately by gender, no significant differences were found between males and females.
The close connections between WM, AV, and global function as well as the high centrality indexes of SOP and Vrbl suggest that these domains share aspects of pathophysiology in schizophrenia and mood disorder. However, the data-driven approach limited our interpretation of the results. Theory-driven model should be further validated to elucidate causal pathways and find more promising approaches to recovery.
认知缺陷具有跨诊断特征，部分解释了精神障碍患者功能预后不良的原因。了解神经认知、社会认知和整体功能之间的关系可能有助于确定新的认知干预靶点。我们旨在通过高斯图形模型在一个跨诊断样本中对这些变量之间的复杂相互关系进行建模。
本研究共纳入482名个体，包括281例首发精神分裂症患者、128例双相情感障碍患者和73例重度抑郁症患者。评估了韦氏成人智力量表、MATRICS共识认知成套测验和功能总体评定量表。通过网络分析分析认知与整体功能的交互作用和中心性指标。
在跨诊断网络中，加工速度（SOP）和言语学习（Vrbl）表现出较高的中心性指标。与整体功能密切相关的认知节点包括工作记忆（WM）和注意力/警觉性（AV）。当按性别分别对受试者进行建模时，男性和女性之间未发现显著差异。
WM、AV与整体功能之间的紧密联系以及SOP和Vrbl的高中心性指标表明，这些领域在精神分裂症和情绪障碍中共享病理生理学方面。然而，数据驱动的方法限制了我们对结果的解释。应进一步验证理论驱动模型，以阐明因果途径并找到更有前景的康复方法。
