强制反应法：紧迫性再次被发现。
The forced-response method: Urgency rediscovered.
作者信息
Poth Christian H, Krause Anika
机构信息
Neuro-Cognitive Psychology, Bielefeld University, PO Box 10 01 31, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany.
Neuro-Cognitive Psychology, and Differential Psychology, Bielefeld University, PO Box 10 01 31, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany.
出版信息
Behav Res Methods. 2025 Aug 18;57(9):263. doi: 10.3758/s13428-025-02788-y.
Lee et al. (2025) presented their "forced-response method", in which performance in a cognitive control task is assessed as a function of the time a target stimulus is visible (within a reaction time), in a situation with time pressure for responding. In the existing literature, this experimental approach has been referred to as the compelled-response paradigm or the urgent paradigm. Replicating earlier findings by also applying the method to the flanker task of cognitive control, Lee et al. found that urgency opens up a time window in which stimulus-driven processing overtakes cognitively controlled processing and leads to actions against current intentions (as per task instructions). Taken together, this demonstrates how the method captures the temporal evolution of performance in high resolution, providing a window into the dynamics of cognitive processing in cognitive control tasks. However, urgency may induce a specific mental state, akin to phasic alertness as a state of response and perceptual readiness. Therefore, it is an open question how the method differs from standard assessments of cognitive control and in what way it provides a better alternative.
李等人（2025年）提出了他们的“强制反应法”，即在有时间压力的情况下，根据目标刺激可见的时间（在反应时间内）来评估认知控制任务中的表现。在现有文献中，这种实验方法被称为强制反应范式或紧急范式。李等人通过将该方法应用于认知控制的侧翼任务，重现了早期的研究结果，发现紧迫性打开了一个时间窗口，在这个窗口中，刺激驱动的加工超过了认知控制的加工，并导致违背当前意图的行动（按照任务指令）。综上所述，这表明该方法如何以高分辨率捕捉表现的时间演变，为认知控制任务中的认知加工动态提供了一个窗口。然而，紧迫性可能会诱发一种特定的心理状态，类似于作为反应和感知准备状态的阶段性警觉。因此，该方法与认知控制的标准评估有何不同，以及它以何种方式提供了更好的替代方案，这仍是一个悬而未决的问题。
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