From the Unit of Urology, Department of Health Science-La Statale University of Milan, ASST Santi Paolo and Carlo, Via Rudini 8, Milan, Italy.
Unit of General Surgery, ASST Santi Paolo and Carlo, Milan, Italy.
J Robot Surg. 2023 Aug;17(4):1471-1476. doi: 10.1007/s11701-023-01543-9. Epub 2023 Feb 13.
The scenario of robotic surgery is rapidly evolving with the introduction of new robotic systems. A structured learning program in robotic surgery during academic education is often lacking, especially for undergraduates; as a result, many students may be unaware of indications to robotic surgery and technological progress. The aim of the study is to evaluate the knowledge and interest toward robotic surgery of medical and nurse students, and to analyze how the attractiveness may change after a hand-on training course with new simulators of Hugo RAS and Versius System. We performed a cross-sectional study involving medical and nurse students recruited on a voluntary basis at ASST Santi Paolo and Carlo, Milan; participants were invited to join a hands-on practice simulation with the Hugo RAS and/or Versius Trainer Simulator. Before the hand-on exercise, students were asked to fulfill an online anonymous questionnaire addressing knowledge and interest toward robotic surgery. After a 2-h hands-on exercises at the Hugo RAS and/or at the Versius Trainer simulator (preceded by a brief lecture on robotic surgery and new systems), participants were asked to complete a second-round questionnaire to evaluate changes in attractiveness toward robotic surgery. Data were recorded in a database; after a descriptive analysis of the variables, median values were compared with the Mann-Whitney U test, frequencies with the Fisher's exact test and in the case of paired observations (before and after the simulation), the Mc Nemar test was used. Forty-one undergraduates agreed to participate. Twenty-three nursing students and 18 medical students were recruited. Some of them had a basic knowledge in robotic surgery and were able to figure out some surgical indications, given the presence of a robotic program already settled up at the institution. Before the hands-on course, 44.0% nurse students and 36.6% of medical students were interested in surgical disciplines and robotic surgery. After the simulation, all students (100%) reported a high level of interest in robotic surgery and some of them required for a dedicated internship (p < 0.001). The students provided also feedback on the perceived ease-of-use of the robotic simulators (on a scale 0-10); overall, the median score was 8, IQR [7-8], with no differences between nursing and medical students (p = 0.482). In conclusion, the study demonstrates a great interest toward robotic surgery as a part of medical and nurse education. A hands-on simulation further improved the interest of undergraduates from both backgrounds. The technological progress with the availability of new surgical systems will be the future challenge of training programs and should be considered at all levels of education.
机器人手术的场景随着新机器人系统的引入而迅速发展。在学术教育中,机器人手术的结构化学习计划往往缺乏,尤其是对于本科生而言;因此,许多学生可能不知道机器人手术的适应证和技术进步。本研究的目的是评估医学生和护生对机器人手术的知识和兴趣,并分析在使用新的 Hugo RAS 和 Versius 系统模拟器进行了动手培训课程后,吸引力可能会如何变化。我们进行了一项横断面研究,涉及米兰 ASST Santi Paolo 和 Carlo 自愿参加的医学生和护生;邀请参与者参加 Hugo RAS 和/或 Versius Trainer Simulator 的动手实践模拟。在进行实践练习之前,学生需要填写一份在线匿名问卷,内容涉及对机器人手术的知识和兴趣。在使用 Hugo RAS 和/或 Versius Trainer Simulator 进行 2 小时的实践练习(在机器人手术和新系统的简要讲座之前)后,参与者被要求完成第二轮问卷,以评估对机器人手术吸引力的变化。数据记录在数据库中;对变量进行描述性分析后,中位数与曼-惠特尼 U 检验进行比较,频率与 Fisher 确切检验进行比较,对于配对观察(模拟前后),使用 McNemar 检验。41 名本科生同意参加。共招募了 23 名护理学生和 18 名医学学生。他们中的一些人在已经建立了机器人计划的机构中具有机器人手术的基本知识,并且能够确定一些手术适应证。在实践课程之前,44.0%的护理学生和 36.6%的医学生对手术学科和机器人手术感兴趣。模拟后,所有学生(100%)都对机器人手术表现出浓厚的兴趣,其中一些人需要专门的实习(p<0.001)。学生还对机器人模拟器的易用性(0-10 分制)提供了反馈;总体而言,中位数评分为 8,IQR [7-8],护理和医学学生之间没有差异(p=0.482)。总之,本研究表明,作为医学和护理教育的一部分,机器人手术具有很大的兴趣。实践模拟进一步提高了来自不同背景的本科生的兴趣。随着新技术系统的出现,技术进步将成为培训计划的未来挑战,应在各级教育中加以考虑。
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