Ezinne Ngozika Esther, Rattan Vishal, Mohansingh Safiyyah
Optometry Unit, Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Saint Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago.
Bathurst Rural Clinical School, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Australia.
Br Ir Orthopt J. 2025 Aug 22;21(1):71-79. doi: 10.22599/bioj.475. eCollection 2025.
This study aims to assess the prevalence of binocular vision anomalies and refractive errors among secondary school students in Southern Trinidad.
A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted in two schools in southern Trinidad. Participants were randomly selected using an online spinner wheel. Refractive errors and binocular vision anomalies were assessed using handheld autorefractor and prism cover test respectively. Data on demographic information, refractive errors, and binocular vision were collected. The collected data were entered into Microsoft Excel and subsequently analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics were computed using Pearson's Chi-Squared test to analyse categorical variables, while Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between variables, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.
The study included 95 students, with 49 males (51.6%) and 46 females (48.4%), aged 12-18 years. The prevalence of binocular vision anomalies was 13.7% (13/95), with convergence insufficiency being the most common anomaly at 6.2%. Refractive errors were observed in 64.2% (61/95). of the participants, with myopia being the predominant type, affecting 54.2% of students. Spearman's rank correlation test revealed no statistically significant correlation between binocular vision anomalies and refractive errors.
The study identified a prevalence of 13.7% for binocular vision anomalies and 64.2% for refractive errors among secondary school students in Southern Trinidad. There is a need for a more comprehensive screening of binocular vision anomalies and refractive error for high school children in Trinidad.
本研究旨在评估特立尼达岛南部中学生双眼视觉异常和屈光不正的患病率。
在特立尼达岛南部的两所学校开展了一项基于学校的横断面研究。使用在线旋转轮随机选择参与者。分别使用手持自动验光仪和棱镜遮盖试验评估屈光不正和双眼视觉异常。收集了有关人口统计学信息、屈光不正和双眼视觉的数据。将收集到的数据录入Microsoft Excel，随后使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）进行分析。使用Pearson卡方检验计算描述性统计量以分析分类变量，而Spearman等级相关系数用于评估变量之间的关系，显著性水平设定为p < 0.05。
该研究纳入了95名学生，其中49名男性（51.6%）和46名女性（48.4%），年龄在12至18岁之间。双眼视觉异常的患病率为13.7%（13/95），其中集合不足是最常见的异常，为6.2%。64.2%（61/95）的参与者存在屈光不正，其中近视是主要类型，影响了54.2%的学生。Spearman等级相关检验显示双眼视觉异常与屈光不正之间无统计学显著相关性。
该研究确定特立尼达岛南部中学生中双眼视觉异常的患病率为13.7%，屈光不正的患病率为64.2%。特立尼达岛需要对高中生进行更全面的双眼视觉异常和屈光不正筛查。
