Kokotkiewicz Adam, Godlewska Sylwia, Sparzak-Stefanowska Barbara, Panow Oliwer, Król Agata, Szopa Agnieszka, Krauze-Baranowska Mirosława, Łuczkiewicz Maria
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland.
Department of Medicinal Plant and Mushroom Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Aug 19;26(16):7999. doi: 10.3390/ijms26167999.
Harmaja is a marsh plant known for its high content of bioactive components, including essential oil, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. In the current work, the effects of cultivation mode (agar, liquid stationary, shake flask, and temporary immersion) and experiment duration (30, 60, and 90 days) on the growth and contents of non-volatile phenolics in microshoots were investigated. Agar and liquid stationary cultures provided the highest dry biomass yield per liter, but their dry weight productivities per day were the lowest among the tested systems. Agitated and temporary immersion cultures, on the other hand, were the most productive in terms of fresh and dry biomass yield per day. LC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis of extracts from microshoots and wild-grown plants revealed similarities in phenolic composition: in both cases, the presence of catechin, chlorogenic acid, and flavonoids of flavonol type (mainly glycosides of quercetin and myricetin) was confirmed. The qualitative composition of the phenolic fraction was not affected by experiment duration and cultivation mode. As determined by HPLC analysis, shake flask and temporary immersion cultures were characterized by the highest phenolic contents: up to 37.5 and 26 mg/g dry weight, respectively. The maximum productivities of the above systems were equal to 18 and 13.5 mg/L/d, respectively.
哈马贾是一种沼泽植物，以其高含量的生物活性成分而闻名，这些成分包括精油、黄酮类化合物和酚酸。在当前的研究中，研究了培养模式（琼脂、液体静置、摇瓶和临时浸没）和实验持续时间（30、60和90天）对微枝中生长和非挥发性酚类物质含量的影响。琼脂和液体静置培养每升提供的干生物量产量最高，但在测试系统中，它们每天的干重生产率最低。另一方面，搅拌培养和临时浸没培养在每天的新鲜和干生物量产量方面是最高产的。对微枝和野生植物提取物的LC-DAD-ESI-MS分析揭示了酚类成分的相似性：在这两种情况下，均证实存在儿茶素、绿原酸和黄酮醇类黄酮（主要是槲皮素和杨梅素的糖苷）。酚类部分的定性组成不受实验持续时间和培养模式的影响。通过HPLC分析确定，摇瓶和临时浸没培养的特点是酚类含量最高：分别高达37.5和26毫克/克干重。上述系统的最大生产率分别等于18和13.5毫克/升/天。
