Kwan Devin Chun Yue, Hu Mingxin, Liu Junqing, Zhang Chengfei, Lee Angeline Hui Cheng, Chang Jeffrey Wen Wei
Discipline of Endodontology, Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Discipline of Endodontology, Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Int Dent J. 2025 Sep 1;75(6):103869. doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2025.103869.
This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and osteogenic potential of three sealers, including a strontium silicate-based sealer, C-Root SP (C-R), and two calcium silicate-based sealers, iRoot SP (i-R) and AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer (AHPbcs), compared with AH Plus (AHP) on MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts.
Standardized sealer discs were eluted in a culture medium to assess cytotoxicity using the CCK-8 assay at various dilutions (1:1, 1:2, 1:5, and 1:10). Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by culturing cells in osteogenic medium supplemented with 1:5 diluted sealer extract. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was assessed with an ALP assay and staining on days 7 and 14. Mineralized nodule formation was observed using Alizarin Red S staining on day 21. Gene expression of osteogenic markers (ALP, COL1A1, and RUNX2) was examined by RT-qPCR. Differences were analysed using one-way/two-way variance analysis with the Tukey post-hoc test. Statistical significance was established at P < .05.
C-R, i-R, and AHPbcs showed significantly higher cell viability than AHP (P < .001). All sealers exhibited cytotoxicity at higher concentrations (1:1 and 1:2 dilutions). ALP activity was significantly lower in cells exposed to AHP compared to cells exposed to C-R, i-R, and AHPbcs (P < .01). Cells exposed to C-R, i-R, and AHPbcs exhibited higher mineralized nodule formation than cells exposed to AHP. C-R, i-R, and AHPbcs enhanced osteogenic differentiation with higher osteogenic gene expression than AHP (P < .001).
Within the limitations of the study, C-R, i-R, and AHPbcs were biocompatible with MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts at lower concentrations and were able to enhance their osteogenic potentials.
The strontium silicate-based sealer shows a favourable biological response and osteogenic activity in vitro, comparable to calcium silicate-based sealers, indicating its potential for clinical applications.
本研究旨在评估三种封闭剂的细胞毒性和成骨潜力，这三种封闭剂包括一种硅酸锶基封闭剂C-Root SP（C-R）、两种硅酸钙基封闭剂iRoot SP（i-R）和AH Plus生物陶瓷封闭剂（AHPbcs），并与AH Plus（AHP）相比，研究它们对MC3T3-E1前成骨细胞的影响。
将标准化的封闭剂圆盘在培养基中洗脱，使用CCK-8法在不同稀释度（1:1、1:2、1:5和1:10）下评估细胞毒性。通过在补充了1:5稀释封闭剂提取物的成骨培养基中培养细胞来评估成骨分化。在第7天和第14天，通过碱性磷酸酶（ALP）检测和染色评估ALP活性。在第21天，使用茜素红S染色观察矿化结节形成。通过RT-qPCR检测成骨标志物（ALP、COL1A1和RUNX2）的基因表达。使用单向/双向方差分析和Tukey事后检验分析差异。以P < 0.05确定统计学显著性。
C-R、i-R和AHPbcs显示出比AHP显著更高的细胞活力（P < 0.001）。所有封闭剂在较高浓度（1:1和1:2稀释度）下均表现出细胞毒性。与暴露于C-R、i-R和AHPbcs的细胞相比，暴露于AHP的细胞中ALP活性显著更低（P < 0.01）。暴露于C-R、i-R和AHPbcs的细胞比暴露于AHP的细胞表现出更高的矿化结节形成。C-R、i-R和AHPbcs通过比AHP更高的成骨基因表达增强了成骨分化（P < 0.001）。
在本研究的局限性内，C-R、i-R和AHPbcs在较低浓度下与MC3T3-E1前成骨细胞具有生物相容性，并能够增强其成骨潜力。
硅酸锶基封闭剂在体外显示出良好的生物学反应和成骨活性，与硅酸钙基封闭剂相当，表明其在临床应用中的潜力。
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