Wiley Jennifer, George Tim, Griffin Thomas D
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1007 W. Harrison St (MC285), Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2025 Sep 2. doi: 10.3758/s13423-025-02730-5.
Although frequently used with instructional expository text, it has been suggested that illustrations can lead to illusions of understanding (beliefs that we understand better than we actually do). In this study using geoscience texts, relative metacomprehension accuracy (the ability to monitor one's own understanding across a set of topics) was found to be particularly poor when only some topics were illustrated. However, when readers were prompted to generate sketches while reading, relative accuracy was improved, and was more similar across illustration conditions. Consistent with the situation-model approach to metacognition, sketching activities may help readers to generate valid and diagnostic cues on which to base their judgments of understanding and avoid reliance on heuristic cues or superficial processing.
尽管插图经常与说明性文本一起使用，但有人认为插图可能会导致理解错觉（即认为我们比实际理解得更好的信念）。在这项使用地球科学文本的研究中，发现当只有一些主题配有插图时，相对元理解准确性（即在一组主题中监测自己理解情况的能力）特别差。然而，当读者在阅读时被提示绘制草图时，相对准确性得到了提高，并且在不同的插图条件下更为相似。与元认知的情境模型方法一致，绘制草图的活动可能有助于读者生成有效的诊断线索，以此为基础来判断自己的理解情况，并避免依赖启发式线索或表面处理。
