Conteh Ndeshiteelela K, Mahomed Ozayr
University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
AIDS Behav. 2025 Sep 3. doi: 10.1007/s10461-025-04855-z.
The increased risk associated with HIV infection and suicidality, depression, and alcohol use disorder underscores the need to treat mental illness in people living with HIV by integrating mental health services into routine HIV care. This study, conducted at nine health facilities providing antiretroviral treatment in Namibia from August and September 2022, aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with depression, suicidality, and alcohol use disorder among adults living with HIV/AIDS in Namibia. Amongst the 400 participants, the prevalence of depression, suicidality, and alcohol use disorder was 8%, 21%, and 24%, respectively. The prevalence of depression and suicidality was highest in females (9.7%) and (24.7%), respectively, while males had a prevalence of alcohol use disorder of 35.3%. Patients with depression showed an increased and significant risk of suicidality (aOR=8.280, 95% CI: 3.644-18.815, p=0.000). For alcohol use disorder, male patients (aOR= 2.995, 95% CI: 1.816-4.938, p=<0.000) were more likely to have alcohol use disorder. Male sex (aOR= 0.447, 95% CI: 0.240-0.832, p=<0.011), depression (aOR= 8.283, 95% CI: 3.644-18.828, p=<0.000), and alcohol abuse (aOR= 2.393, 95% CI: 1.337-4.285, p=0.003) had an increased and significant association with suicidality. Overall, the study's results show that alcohol use disorder and suicidality are more prevalent in PLHIV compared to depression, and gender is a significant risk factor. Screening PLHIV and early initiation of treatment or interventions for various mental health disorders are important to improve retention, viral suppression, and other outcomes of ART.
与艾滋病毒感染以及自杀倾向、抑郁和酒精使用障碍相关的风险增加，凸显了将心理健康服务纳入常规艾滋病毒护理以治疗艾滋病毒感染者精神疾病的必要性。这项研究于2022年8月至9月在纳米比亚提供抗逆转录病毒治疗的9个医疗机构开展，旨在确定纳米比亚艾滋病毒/艾滋病成年感染者中抑郁、自杀倾向和酒精使用障碍的患病率及相关因素。在400名参与者中，抑郁、自杀倾向和酒精使用障碍的患病率分别为8%、21%和24%。抑郁和自杀倾向的患病率在女性中最高，分别为9.7%和24.7%，而男性酒精使用障碍的患病率为35.3%。抑郁患者出现自杀倾向的风险增加且具有显著性（调整后比值比=8.280，95%置信区间：3.644-18.815，p=0.000）。对于酒精使用障碍，男性患者（调整后比值比=2.995，95%置信区间：1.816-4.938，p<0.000）更有可能患有酒精使用障碍。男性（调整后比值比=0.447，95%置信区间：0.240-0.832，p<0.011）、抑郁（调整后比值比=8.283，95%置信区间：3.644-18.828，p<0.000）和酒精滥用（调整后比值比=2.393，95%置信区间：1.337-4.285，p=0.003）与自杀倾向的关联增加且具有显著性。总体而言，研究结果表明，与抑郁相比，艾滋病毒感染者中酒精使用障碍和自杀倾向更为普遍，性别是一个重要的风险因素。筛查艾滋病毒感染者并尽早开始针对各种精神健康障碍的治疗或干预措施，对于提高抗逆转录病毒治疗的留存率、病毒抑制率和其他效果非常重要。
