Öz Mustafa, Üstüner Enes, Jumayeva Merjan, Dikel Suat
Department of Fisheries and Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey.
Department of Fisheries and Diseases, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey.
Vet Res Commun. 2025 Sep 9;49(5):305. doi: 10.1007/s11259-025-10861-2.
This study evaluated how dietary black seed oil (Nigella sativa L.) against the diazinon waterborne toxicity on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), focusing on growth performance, hematological and biochemical parameters as well as oxidative stress markers and histological changes. A 40-day feeding trial was carried out using four experimental groups: Group 1 (control group), Group 2 (N. sativa-supplemented group), Group 3 (diazinon-exposed group), and Group 4 (diazinon-exposed with N. sativa supplementation group). The LC₅₀ value of diazinon for Nile tilapia was determined to be 4.642 mg/L, and fish were exposed to a sublethal concentration of LC₅₀/20 during the trial. Results demonstrated that diazinon exposure significantly impaired growth, hematological parameters, and liver function while increasing oxidative stress and tissue damage. Conversely, dietary supplementation with N. sativa oil significantly mitigated these adverse effects by enhancing specific growth rate, restoring RBC, Hb, and Hct values, improving liver enzyme profiles, and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, CAT, GPx). Histological examinations confirmed that N. sativa oil reduced diazinon-induced damage in gill and liver tissues. The results show that N. sativa oil can be used as a functional feed ingredient to enhance fish resistance to chemical stressors that are commonly found in intensive aquaculture.
本研究评估了日粮中的黑种草籽油（Nigella sativa L.）对尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）水俣病毒性的影响，重点关注生长性能、血液学和生化参数以及氧化应激标志物和组织学变化。使用四个实验组进行了为期40天的饲养试验：第1组（对照组）、第2组（补充黑种草的组）、第3组（暴露于二嗪农的组）和第4组（补充黑种草且暴露于二嗪农的组）。尼罗罗非鱼对二嗪农的LC₅₀值测定为4.642 mg/L，在试验期间，鱼暴露于LC₅₀/20的亚致死浓度下。结果表明，暴露于二嗪农会显著损害生长、血液学参数和肝功能，同时增加氧化应激和组织损伤。相反，日粮中补充黑种草籽油通过提高特定生长率、恢复红细胞、血红蛋白和血细胞比容值、改善肝酶谱以及增加抗氧化酶活性（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶），显著减轻了这些不利影响。组织学检查证实，黑种草籽油减少了二嗪农对鳃和肝脏组织的损伤。结果表明，黑种草籽油可作为一种功能性饲料成分，以增强鱼类对集约化水产养殖中常见化学应激源的抵抗力。
