Morales-Romero Jaime, Aguilar-Panduro Misael, Bedolla-Pulido Tonatiuh Ramses, Hernández-Colín Dante Daniel, Nuñez-Nuñez María Enriqueta, Bedolla-Barajas Martín
Universidad Veracruzana, Instituto de Salud Pública, Xalapa, Veracruz, México.
Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario del Sur, Escuela de Medicina, Ciudad Guzman, Jalisco, México.
Asia Pac Allergy. 2025 Sep;15(3):132-139. doi: 10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000163. Epub 2025 Sep 10.
Some regions of the world have experienced increases in the prevalence of diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis; however, little is known about whether the same has occurred with the prevalence of adverse food reactions.
To determine the temporal trend in the prevalence of adverse food reactions among adults in western Mexico.
The results of 2 cross-sectional studies conducted 11 years apart (2012-2013 and 2023-2024) are compared. Data were obtained through a standardized survey administered to adults participating in physical activities in the "vía recreactiva" of Guadalajara and were included through stratified sampling based on sex and age.
The first and second studies included 471 and 485 adults, respectively. Comparatively, the prevalence of adverse food reactions was 19.5% and 19.4% ( = 0.953). For oral allergy syndrome, urticaria, and self-reported anaphylaxis, the prevalence was 6.8% and 9.7% ( = 0.104), 5.9% and 4.3% ( = 0.258), and 2.3% and 0.6% ( = 0.032), respectively. Multivariate analyses identified female sex (adjusted odds ratio: 1.52, = 0.013), age between 25 and 50 years (adjusted odds ratio: 0.59, = 0.002), personal history of allergic rhinitis (adjusted odds ratio: 2.10, = 0.004), and atopic dermatitis (adjusted odds ratio: 4.99, < 0.001) as factors associated with adverse food reaction.
Overall, the prevalence of adverse food reactions, their clinical manifestations, and the most implicated foods did not change during the analysis period. Sex, age, and atopic comorbidities were associated with adverse food reactions.
世界上一些地区哮喘、过敏性鼻炎和特应性皮炎等疾病的患病率有所上升；然而，关于食物不良反应的患病率是否也出现了同样的情况，人们知之甚少。
确定墨西哥西部成年人食物不良反应患病率的时间趋势。
比较了两项相隔11年（2012 - 2013年和2023 - 2024年）进行的横断面研究结果。数据通过对参加瓜达拉哈拉“vía recreactiva”体育活动的成年人进行的标准化调查获得，并根据性别和年龄进行分层抽样纳入。
第一项和第二项研究分别纳入了471名和485名成年人。相比之下，食物不良反应的患病率分别为19.5%和19.4%（P = 0.953）。对于口腔过敏综合征、荨麻疹和自我报告的过敏反应，患病率分别为6.8%和9.7%（P = 0.104）、5.9%和4.3%（P = 0.258）以及2.3%和0.6%（P = 0.032）。多变量分析确定女性（调整优势比：1.52，P = 0.013）、25至50岁年龄组（调整优势比：0.59，P = 0.002）、过敏性鼻炎个人史（调整优势比：2.10，P = 0.004）和特应性皮炎（调整优势比：4.99，P < 0.001）是与食物不良反应相关的因素。
总体而言，在分析期间，食物不良反应的患病率、临床表现以及最常涉及的食物并未发生变化。性别、年龄和特应性合并症与食物不良反应相关。
