Wang Shuyu, Zhong Xue, Cheng Yuhui, Yu Ying, Wan Jifeng, Liu Qingqing, Shu Yongjun, Wu Xiuju, Li Yong
College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Aug 28;26(17):8354. doi: 10.3390/ijms26178354.
is a crop which has been cultivated since ancient times, with important cultural and industrial value. Due to its substantial economic impact, cannabis has attracted widespread scientific attention. A pan-genome is a significant tool for breeding, because it provides a comprehensive representation of genetic diversity. To provide a valuable tool for Cannabis breeding, we constructed a Cannabis pan-genome based on 113 accessions. A total of 24,679,380 bp of non-reference-genome sequences were assembled, identifying 1313 protein-coding genes. Using pan-genome analyses, a total of 32,428 gene presence/absence variations (PAVs) were obtained, and gene loss was recovered during the domestication of Cannabis. By partitioning the pan-genome using PAVs, a total of 23,309 core genes were identified, accounting for 71.88% of all genes in the pan-genome. In particular, there were 7148 flexible genes, making up 22.05% of the pan-genome. The flexible genes were associated with adaptive traits, including stress resistance and disease resistance in Cannabis. Population genetic analysis presented gene distribution, gene flow, and gene specificity on a pan-genome level. These results provide important genetic basis, functional genes, and guidance for Cannabis breeding.
是一种自古以来就被种植的作物，具有重要的文化和产业价值。由于其巨大的经济影响，大麻已引起广泛的科学关注。泛基因组是育种的重要工具，因为它全面呈现了遗传多样性。为了为大麻育种提供有价值的工具，我们基于113份种质构建了大麻泛基因组。共组装了24,679,380 bp的非参考基因组序列，鉴定出1313个蛋白质编码基因。通过泛基因组分析，共获得32,428个基因存在/缺失变异（PAV），并且在大麻驯化过程中恢复了基因丢失。利用PAV对泛基因组进行划分，共鉴定出23,309个核心基因，占泛基因组中所有基因的71.88%。特别地，有7148个可变基因，占泛基因组的22.05%。这些可变基因与适应性性状相关，包括大麻的抗逆性和抗病性。群体遗传分析在泛基因组水平上呈现了基因分布、基因流动和基因特异性。这些结果为大麻育种提供了重要的遗传基础、功能基因和指导。
