Sanagavarapu Prathyusha, Rika Sainiana, Katelaris Constance H, Said Maria, Collison Lily, Dadich Ann
School of Education, Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Transforming Early Childhood Health and Education (TeEACH), Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
St Luke's Catholic College, Sydney, NSW 2765, Australia.
Nutrients. 2025 Aug 22;17(17):2722. doi: 10.3390/nu17172722.
There are very few reviews on how children's food allergy is managed across various educational settings, and none have considered psychological support in addition to child safety. This scoping review aimed to understand interventions to manage food allergy, addressing children's safety and psychological support in childcare centres, preschools, and schools.
Following the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and applying the PCC (population, concept, and context) mnemonic, a search was conducted via Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), ERIC (ProQuest), PsychInfo (EBSCOhost), Scopus, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses (ProQuest). Furthermore, two supplementary searches were conducted: first, backward citation tracking of all publications included in this review; and second, a search of seven peak allergy organisation websites, including Allergy & Anaphylaxis Australia and the World Allergy Organization.
Eighteen publications were included from 6812 records retrieved from the databases. Most publications were from the United States of America (61%), representing food allergy management mainly in schools (39%), followed by preschools (22%), childcare centres (17%), and mixed settings (11%). All the interventions focused on child physical safety, largely neglecting psychosocial support for children or their families, and only four publications reported the use of control groups to test intervention benefits (22%). Furthermore, safety-focused interventions were centred on building educator or staff knowledge of food allergy and their skills, confidence, and self-efficacy to manage it (72%); these were found to be highly effective. Most interventions were aimed at adults, and none considered children.
The findings suggest a need for more research on food allergy management involving child-focused, developmentally appropriate approaches, especially in childcare and preschool settings. There is also a need for research on psychological support, particularly that which involves control groups and encompasses different nations.
关于如何在不同教育环境中管理儿童食物过敏的综述非常少，而且没有一篇综述除了考虑儿童安全之外还考虑了心理支持。本范围综述旨在了解管理食物过敏的干预措施，涉及儿童保育中心、幼儿园和学校中儿童的安全和心理支持。
遵循JBI范围综述方法并应用PCC（人群、概念和背景）记忆法，通过Medline（Ovid）、Embase（Ovid）、CINAHL（EBSCOhost）、ERIC（ProQuest）、PsychInfo（EBSCOhost）、Scopus以及ProQuest学位论文数据库（ProQuest）进行检索。此外，还进行了两项补充检索：第一，对本综述中纳入的所有出版物进行反向引文跟踪；第二，搜索七个主要过敏组织的网站，包括澳大利亚过敏与过敏反应协会和世界过敏组织。
从数据库检索到的6812条记录中纳入了18篇出版物。大多数出版物来自美国（61%），主要代表学校中的食物过敏管理（39%），其次是幼儿园（22%）、儿童保育中心（17%）和混合环境（11%）。所有干预措施都侧重于儿童的身体安全，在很大程度上忽视了对儿童或其家庭的心理社会支持，只有四篇出版物报告使用对照组来测试干预效果（22%）。此外，以安全为重点的干预措施集中在培养教育工作者或工作人员对食物过敏的认识以及他们管理食物过敏的技能、信心和自我效能（72%）；这些措施被发现非常有效。大多数干预措施针对成年人，没有一项考虑儿童。
研究结果表明，需要更多关于食物过敏管理的研究，采用以儿童为中心、适合其发育阶段的方法，特别是在儿童保育和幼儿园环境中。还需要对心理支持进行研究，尤其是涉及对照组并涵盖不同国家的研究。
