Rajab Nadeen, Ibrahim Hosny, Zhang Daohong, Youssef Ahmed F A, Hassan Rabeay Y A
Biosensors Research Lab, Zewail City of Science and Technology 6th October City Giza 12578 Egypt
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt.
Nanoscale Adv. 2025 Sep 11. doi: 10.1039/d5na00503e.
Nitrite, a potential environmental pollutant, poses a significant threat to human health. Thus, accurate and sensitive detection methods are essential for effective continuous monitoring and surveillance. In this regard, a wide range of instrumental methods for the precise determination of nitrite in different types of complex samples is collected and discussed. Besides the classical methods, chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques are included. Although these methods exhibit high sensitivity and selectivity, they involve high cost and complicated operating protocols, and warrant high caution in sample preparations. Other reported techniques, such as electrochemical and bio-electrochemical methods, could offer onsite detection and disposability, and involve handheld devices. Such features are required for simple optimization, field applicability for analysis of a large number of samples, fast response, simple device calibration, and validation. Thus, nanostructure-based electrochemical approaches are widely developed and applied in the analysis of target analytes in complex biological and environmental matrices using a few microlitres of the samples, without any prior sample preparation. Therefore, to consider the global market's needs, challenges, and perspectives on each reported method for nitrite, a comprehensive discussion has been included in this review.
亚硝酸盐作为一种潜在的环境污染物，对人类健康构成重大威胁。因此，准确而灵敏的检测方法对于有效的持续监测和监管至关重要。在这方面，收集并讨论了多种用于精确测定不同类型复杂样品中亚硝酸盐的仪器方法。除了经典方法外，还包括色谱和光谱技术。尽管这些方法具有高灵敏度和选择性，但它们成本高昂且操作流程复杂，并且在样品制备过程中需要高度谨慎。其他已报道的技术，如电化学和生物电化学方法，可以提供现场检测和一次性使用功能，并且涉及手持设备。这些特性对于简单优化、大量样品分析的现场适用性、快速响应、简单的设备校准和验证来说是必需的。因此，基于纳米结构的电化学方法得到了广泛发展，并应用于使用几微升样品对复杂生物和环境基质中的目标分析物进行分析，无需任何预先的样品制备。因此，为了考虑全球市场对每种已报道的亚硝酸盐检测方法的需求、挑战和前景，本综述进行了全面的讨论。
