Sadikan Muhammad Zulfiqah, Lambuk Lidawani, Hairi Haryati Ahmad, Mohamud Rohimah
Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Jalan Greentown, Ipoh 30450, Perak, Malaysia.
Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Scientifica (Cairo). 2025 Sep 8;2025:4211238. doi: 10.1155/sci5/4211238. eCollection 2025.
Magnesium (Mg) is a crucial mineral that is required for maintaining many of the physiological processes, including immune regulation. The immune system is a protective strategy against pathogenic infection, allergic reaction and tumour development. Dysregulation of immune functions results in different pathological conditions, including autoimmune disease, allergic diseases and infectious diseases. Mg plays a role in the modulation of immune responses through the regulation of the activation, proliferation and differentiation of immune cells. Moreover, research has shown that Mg participates in the treatment and prevention of different diseases, so it may serve as a therapeutic drug. Mg immunoregulatory activity and its applications in prevention and treatment of immune-related disorders are discussed herein. Immunosuppression, reduced phagocytosis and suppressed natural killer cell function were associated with low concentrations of Mg, and these are critical for protection against viruses. Mg further affects inflammatory cytokine release and modulation of NF-κB, a key immune signalling cascade. Evidence corroborates that supplementation with Mg might alleviate symptoms of immune diseases like SLE, bronchial asthma, inflammatory bowel disease and microbial infection. However, it is critical to conduct trials for establishing optimum dosing paradigms as well as the long-term impact of Mg supplementation in the frame of immune disease.
镁（Mg）是一种关键矿物质，维持包括免疫调节在内的许多生理过程都需要它。免疫系统是抵御病原体感染、过敏反应和肿瘤发展的一种保护策略。免疫功能失调会导致包括自身免疫性疾病、过敏性疾病和传染病在内的不同病理状况。镁通过调节免疫细胞的激活、增殖和分化，在免疫反应的调节中发挥作用。此外，研究表明镁参与不同疾病的治疗和预防，因此它可能作为一种治疗药物。本文讨论了镁的免疫调节活性及其在预防和治疗免疫相关疾病中的应用。免疫抑制、吞噬作用降低和自然杀伤细胞功能受抑制与低镁浓度有关，而这些对于抵御病毒至关重要。镁还会进一步影响炎性细胞因子的释放以及关键免疫信号级联反应核因子-κB（NF-κB）的调节。有证据证实，补充镁可能会缓解系统性红斑狼疮、支气管哮喘、炎症性肠病和微生物感染等免疫疾病的症状。然而，在免疫疾病的框架内确定最佳给药方案以及补充镁的长期影响，进行试验至关重要。
