Wang Chaoyang, Li Bing, Wang ZiQian, Ji XinXin, Cao YiWei, Xue ShuXin, Han YaGuang, Liu Kejia, Li ZeXin
Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
School of Mathematics and Statistics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
Ann Surg Oncol. 2025 Sep 18. doi: 10.1245/s10434-025-18312-7.
This study systematically evaluates the effectiveness of chewing gum as a nonpharmacological intervention to facilitate gastrointestinal recovery after gastrointestinal surgery.
A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases up to factor influencing patient recovery. 18, 2025, focusing on randomized controlled trials comparing chewing gum use versus standard care postsurgery. Data were synthesized through systematic review and meta-analysis according to PRISMA guidelines. Key outcomes included time to first postoperative flatus and bowel movement, hospital stay length, and incidence of postoperative bowel obstruction.
Thirty-five trials involving 4,898 patients met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed significant reductions in time to first postoperative flatus (weighted mean difference [WMD] = -12.19 hours; 95% confidence interval [CI] [-15.41, -8.98]; P < 0.00001), time to first bowel movement (WMD = -19.54 hours; 95% CI [-25.39, -13.68]; P < 0.00001), and hospital stay (WMD = -0.93 days; 95% CI [-1.3, -0.56]; P < 0.00001). A decrease in postoperative bowel obstruction incidence was also noted (relative risk [RR] = 0.7; 95% CI [0.56, 0.89]; P = 0.004). No significant effects on bloating, vomiting, nausea, or time to first feeding were observed.
Chewing gum is a safe and cost-effective adjunct to postoperative care, enhancing gastrointestinal recovery. Its inclusion in postoperative protocols is recommended for appropriate patients to improve recovery outcomes. Further studies are needed to examine long-term benefits and implementation in clinical settings.
本研究系统评估口香糖作为一种非药物干预措施，在促进胃肠手术后胃肠道恢复方面的有效性。
截至2025年18月，在PubMed、Embase和Cochrane图书馆数据库中进行文献检索，重点关注比较术后使用口香糖与标准护理的随机对照试验。根据PRISMA指南，通过系统评价和荟萃分析对数据进行综合。主要结局包括首次术后排气和排便时间、住院时间以及术后肠梗阻发生率。
35项涉及4898例患者的试验符合纳入标准。荟萃分析显示，首次术后排气时间显著缩短（加权平均差[WMD]=-12.19小时；95%置信区间[CI][-15.41，-8.98]；P<0.00001），首次排便时间显著缩短（WMD=-... （此处原文有误，应为WMD=-19.54小时；95%CI[-25.39，-13.68]；P<0.00001），住院时间显著缩短（WMD=-0.93天；95%CI[-1.3，-0.56]；P<0.00001）。术后肠梗阻发生率也有所降低（相对危险度[RR]=0.7；95%CI[0.56，0.89]；P=0.004）。未观察到对腹胀、呕吐、恶心或首次进食时间有显著影响。
口香糖是术后护理的一种安全且具有成本效益的辅助手段，可促进胃肠道恢复。建议将其纳入术后方案，用于合适的患者以改善恢复结局。需要进一步研究以探讨其长期益处及在临床环境中的实施情况。
