Wang Sheng-Ming, Xu Zi-Han
Department of Interaction Design, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.
Doctoral Program in Design, College of Design, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.
Front Psychol. 2025 Sep 4;16:1551522. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1551522. eCollection 2025.
This study offers a thorough investigation into shared electric bicycles (E-bikes) and their role as a key element in advancing sustainable transportation within smart cities. Previous studies have predominantly employed the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) or the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to investigate user acceptance, yet few have integrated both frameworks to explore how environmental objectives-such as net-zero emissions (NZE)-influence behavioral intention in smart cities. To address this limitation, the present study incorporates key variables including subjective norms (SN), perceived usefulness (PU), user attitudes (ATU), and perceived behavioral control (PBC), while introducing NZE as a factor in user behavior analysis. Data were collected from 298 urban residents aged 18-54 via an online questionnaire. Structural equation modeling analysis was conducted to examine the relationships among SN, PU, ATU, PBC, and NZE. The results showed that SN significantly predicted PU, which confirm the strong influence of social factors on user perceptions. PU stands as a mediating variable, and it significantly influenced users' ATU and NZE, which reflected that users highly value the convenience and environmental benefits of shared e-bikes. In addition, PU is a key factor in users' understanding and adoption of NZE, demonstrating that a well-designed shared e-bike system can enhance environmental sensitivity and awareness of green behavior. Furthermore, NZE exerted a significant positive impact on PBC, indicating that greater environmental awareness enhances users' sense of behavioral control, thereby actively motivating them to opt for shared e-bikes. These findings provides empirical evidence and strategic directions for policymakers and urban planners: by strengthening social advocacy, optimizing system usefulness design, and guiding environmental awareness through green policies, cities can more effectively encourage the adoption of shared electric bicycles in smart urban environments.
本研究对共享电动自行车（电动自行车）及其在推进智慧城市可持续交通中作为关键要素的作用进行了全面调查。以往的研究主要采用技术接受模型（TAM）或计划行为理论（TPB）来调查用户接受度，但很少有研究将这两个框架结合起来，以探讨诸如净零排放（NZE）等环境目标如何影响智慧城市中的行为意向。为了克服这一局限性，本研究纳入了包括主观规范（SN）、感知有用性（PU）、用户态度（ATU）和感知行为控制（PBC）等关键变量，同时引入NZE作为用户行为分析的一个因素。通过在线问卷收集了298名年龄在18 - 54岁之间的城市居民的数据。进行了结构方程模型分析，以检验SN、PU、ATU、PBC和NZE之间的关系。结果表明，SN显著预测了PU，这证实了社会因素对用户认知的强烈影响。PU作为一个中介变量，它显著影响了用户的ATU和NZE，这反映出用户高度重视共享电动自行车的便利性和环境效益。此外，PU是用户理解和采用NZE的关键因素，表明设计良好的共享电动自行车系统可以增强环境敏感性和绿色行为意识。此外，NZE对PBC产生了显著的积极影响，表明更高的环境意识增强了用户的行为控制感，从而积极激励他们选择共享电动自行车。这些发现为政策制定者和城市规划者提供了实证依据和战略方向：通过加强社会倡导、优化系统有用性设计以及通过绿色政策引导环境意识，城市可以更有效地鼓励在智慧城市环境中采用共享电动自行车。
