Lambert Maarten, van Dijk Liset, Benko Ria, Llor Carl, Lykkegaard Jesper, Mantel-Teeuwisse Aukje K, Pont Lisa, Taxis Katja
Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Unit of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm. 2025 Aug 30;20:100652. doi: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100652. eCollection 2025 Dec.
Most antibiotics are prescribed, dispensed, and consumed in the community setting. Community pharmacists have a great potential to optimise antibiotic use and mitigate antibiotic resistance in this setting through antibiotic stewardship. This commentary aims to highlight critical areas where community pharmacists can contribute to optimising antibiotic use and to offer suggestions for how this can be implemented in practice. Currently, the role of the community pharmacist is mostly limited to dispensing of antibiotics and treatment of minor infectious ailments. This role needs to evolve to optimise antibiotic use and mitigate resistance development. Following the Social Care Framework for applying person-centred healthcare, there are five strategies through which the role of the community pharmacist can evolve: awareness, adjustment, assistance, alignment, and advocacy. Concretely, this could include many different activities such as better informing and counselling patients, optimising antibiotic treatment duration and choice, exact quantity dispensing, performing point-of-care tests, pharmacist prescribing of antibiotics, and joining academic detailing and public health campaigns. To achieve this, education, policy, and research need to be further aligned. In many countries, pharmacy education on antimicrobial stewardship needs a stronger basis in universities, followed by early career specialisation and continuous professional development. National and international policy changes are needed to recognise such specialisations and allow more advanced pharmacy services. Pharmacy research must be expanded and tailored to the community setting with innovative and practice-based designs. This will allow community pharmacists to fully embrace an enhanced position in antibiotic use and primary care.
大多数抗生素是在社区环境中开具处方、调配和使用的。社区药剂师在这种环境中有很大的潜力，通过抗生素管理来优化抗生素的使用并减轻抗生素耐药性。本评论旨在强调社区药剂师可以在哪些关键领域为优化抗生素使用做出贡献，并就如何在实践中实施提供建议。目前，社区药剂师的作用大多局限于抗生素的调配和轻微感染性疾病的治疗。这一作用需要发展，以优化抗生素使用并减轻耐药性的产生。遵循以患者为中心的医疗保健的社会护理框架，社区药剂师的作用可以通过以下五种策略得到发展：提高认识、进行调整、提供协助、保持一致和开展宣传。具体而言，这可能包括许多不同的活动，如更好地为患者提供信息和咨询、优化抗生素治疗时长和选择、精确调配剂量、进行即时检验、药剂师开具抗生素处方，以及参与学术详细说明和公共卫生运动。要实现这一目标，教育、政策和研究需要进一步协调一致。在许多国家，大学中关于抗菌药物管理的药学教育需要更坚实的基础，随后是早期职业专业化和持续专业发展。需要国家和国际政策变革来认可此类专业化，并允许提供更高级的药学服务。药学研究必须扩大，并通过创新和基于实践的设计，使其适应社区环境。这将使社区药剂师能够在抗生素使用和初级保健中充分发挥更重要的作用。
