Wcisłek Aleksandra, Jursa-Kulesza Joanna, Masiuk Helena, Grygorcewicz Bartłomiej, Hukowska-Szematowicz Beata, Prowans Piotr, Ziętek Paweł, Kosik-Bogacka Danuta
Independent Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
Department of Genomics and Forensic Genetics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
Pathogens. 2025 Sep 12;14(9):923. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14090923.
, a Gram-positive coccus commonly found in the environment, is indeed a common cause of both superficial and deep infections. The aim of the study was to determine the virulence factors of characteristic of chronic infections, including chronic furunculosis and chronic osteomyelitis. Phenotypic characteristics of the bacteria (ability to produce hemolysis, clumping factor, and coagulase; antibiotic susceptibility) and genotypic characteristics (presence of genes responsible for the production of enzymes and toxins; ability to form biofilm) were examined. The real-time PCR method was used to determine the presence of virulence genes. Biofilm production was confirmed using the crystal violet method. Antibiotic and chemotherapeutic susceptibility tests were performed using the disk diffusion method. In 90% of cases, strains possessed the following virulence genes: clfA, clfB, spa, cna, eap, hlgA, hlgB, hlg, hld, bap, bbp, ebpS, fib, fnbA, fnbB, and pvl. A total of 82% of strains showed susceptibility to methicillin (MSSA), whereas 12% of strains were susceptible to methicillin and simultaneously resistant to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B, including 10.5% with inducible resistance and 1.5% with constitutive resistance (MSSA/MLSB). In addition, 1.5% were methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and susceptible to the remaining antimicrobial agents. The predominance of MSSA in the etiology of chronic furunculosis and chronic osteomyelitis was observed. It has been demonstrated that MSSA possesses a similar set of virulence genes to MRSA and that MSSA is responsible for most cases of chronic osteomyelitis and furunculosis. The findings indicate that possesses numerous virulence factors that play a key role in the processes of adhesion to and proliferation within host cells.
[细菌名称]是一种常见于环境中的革兰氏阳性球菌，确实是浅表和深部感染的常见原因。本研究的目的是确定[细菌名称]在慢性感染（包括慢性疖病和慢性骨髓炎）中的毒力因子特征。检测了该细菌的表型特征（产生溶血、凝聚因子和凝固酶的能力；抗生素敏感性）和基因型特征（负责产生酶和毒素的基因的存在；形成生物膜的能力）。采用实时PCR方法确定毒力基因的存在。使用结晶紫法确认生物膜的产生。采用纸片扩散法进行抗生素和化疗药物敏感性试验。在90%的病例中，[细菌名称]菌株具有以下毒力基因：clfA、clfB、spa、cna、eap、hlgA、hlgB、hlg、hld、bap、bbp、ebpS、fib、fnbA、fnbB和pvl。总共82%的[细菌名称]菌株对甲氧西林敏感（MSSA），而12%的菌株对甲氧西林敏感且同时对大环内酯类、林可酰胺类和链阳菌素B耐药，其中10.5%为诱导性耐药，1.5%为组成性耐药（MSSA/MLSB）。此外，1.5%为耐甲氧西林[细菌名称]（MRSA），对其余抗菌药物敏感。观察到MSSA在慢性疖病和慢性骨髓炎病因中占主导地位。已证明MSSA与MRSA具有相似的毒力基因组合，且MSSA是大多数慢性骨髓炎和疖病病例的病因。研究结果表明，[细菌名称]具有众多毒力因子，这些毒力因子在宿主细胞内的黏附和增殖过程中起关键作用。
